Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, D: Neural & Artificial Intelligence, Volume 23 Issue 2

Randriambololona Nivo α & Andriamanohisoa Hery Zo σ Abstract- This article suggests a cognitive approach to initiate the inclusion of unperceivable worlds into established ontologies. We qualify as unperceivable any world that escapes automatic data exploration because of the leak of sufficient documentation. Initially based on knowledge engineering, the approach aims in the longterm at the automatic production of knowledge vectors that can be assimilated to existing corpora. It leverages a proven and extendable universal ontology and is experienced in the emerging world of Malagasy culture. Keywords: knowledge, ontologie, malagasy. I. M otivation he new paradigms of Artificial Intelligence (AI) rely on innovative techniques to solve problems that exceed human capacity and sometimes even the real needs of humanity. These techniques require the massive presence of data intended to train an agent on the resolution of a particular problem [3]. An agent is no longer supposed to reason, instead he is supposed to learn and to automatically or statistically exploit the data made available to him in order to deduce the decision to be taken or the prediction that seems the most relevant [7]. AI, endowed with data science, has become "almost" sovereign. Despite its power, there is a catch. What about unknown but emerging worlds for which no one has ever thought of collectingdata but which today aspire to be part of the lot, to also be perceivable by AI? Nowadays, there are performant trained models like ChatGPT that have the ability to interact in a conversational way and that have response to all kinds of questions. Unfortunately, they are not yet trained on such emerging exotic worlds. This article proposes a solution to circumvent the absence of massive data for a specific emerging world. The idea is to use classic AI techniques like knowledge engineering, while exploiting as far as possible what the state of the art offers in terms of ontology. As experimentation field, we opt for the unperceivable world of Malagasy culture and name the project Tontolo Malagasy. In fact, it is an abbreviation for Taxonomy and Ontology Malagasy. Tontolo means at the same time Universe. That is to say that we try to put the Malagasy Universe into an ontology and will let an agent respond spontaneously to the most important questions concerning the Malagasy language, news, (historical) facts, events or personalities of Madagascar. This is our manner to perpetuate the access to the own cultural identity for Malagasy youth.Latter is increasingly immersed in attractive cultures that certainly promote open-mindedness but that overwrite at the same time precious cultural heritage. Often, we are only aware of the value of our culturewhen it disappears. In the present work, we start by introducing the main concepts behind knowledge engineering. Then, we will present examples to illustrate their compilation on our project. Finally, we will talk about a state of the art ontology named YAGO which will serve as a reference. T Author α σ : Laboratoire de recherche en sciences cognitives et applications (LRSCA) Université d’Antananarivo. e-mail: nivoran@gmail.com Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology Volume XXIII Issue II Version I 1 ( )D Year 2023 © 2023 Global Journals II. I ntroduction to the C oncept of K nowledge Knowledge comes to us not only from the information that is conveyed by our perceptions, but also by natural language. Traditionally, natural language is considered as a language for representing knowledge, but today we see it more as a medium of communication. Even if it is highly expressive, hypotheses revealthe delicacy of its use. • The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis (1956) claims that the language we speak greatly influences our understanding of the world. In the language Guugu Yimithirr of the Aborigines in Australia, for example, there are no words to express the relative direction (such as left, right, ahead, behind) but only the absolute direction via the use of the cardinal points (north, south, east, west). Therefore, Aborigines excel at navigating open terrain but would be less comfortable if told to turn left in a corridor. • Words are sometimes associated with non-verbal representations. In some cultures, a concept may be completely absent from the language (like the example told above). In the Malagasy language, the verb to be does not exist. However, in a sentence supposed to mean it implicitly, anyone speaking Malagasy would understand it. Since language influences the apprehension of the world, knowledge is not always neutral, objective or complete. This reinforces our assertion regarding the Guideline for Including Unperceivable Knowledge in a Universal Ontology Experimentation Field: Ontology Malagasy

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