Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, G: Interdisciplinary, Volume 23 Issue 1

Applications of Emerging Smart Technologies in Farming Systems: A Review Vipin Kumar Choudhary The future of farming systems depends mainly on adopting innovative, intelligent, and smart technologies. The agricultural s ector's growth and prog ress are more critical to human survival than any other industry. Extensive multidisciplinary research is happening worldwide for adopting intelligent technologies in farming systems. Nevertheless, when it comes to handling realistic challenges in making autonomous decisions and predictive solutions in farming, applications of Information & Communications Technologies (ICT) need to be utilized more. Information derived from data worked best on year-to-year outcomes, disease risk, market patterns, prices, or customer needs and ultimately facilitated farmers in decision-making to increase crop and livestock production. Innovative technologies allow the analysis and correlation of information on seed quality, soil types, infestation agents, weather conditions, etc. This review analysis highlights the concept, methods, and applications of various futuristic cognitive innovative technologies along with their critical roles played in different aspects of farming systems like Artificial Intelligence (AI), IoT, Neural Networks, utilization of unmanned vehicles (UAV), Big data analytics, Blok chain technology etc. Keywords: agriculture, artificial intelligence, farming systems, neural networks, smart technologies. I. I ntroduction rop cultivation is really a challenging task since ancient time. However, some aspects of it require more attention than others. Therefore, farmers have urged intervention of smart technologies since long back to help them address their numerous challenges, such as a lack of quality seeds, affordable fertilizers, manure, a lack of modern Agri-based equipment/machinery, fragmented small land holdings, insufficient irrigation sources, and dominating regional traders. However, with emerging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) seamlessly integrating advanced technologies into the traditional farming ecosystem, most of these issues can now be resolved efficiently. ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is a collective term that incorporates many communications equipment or applications, cell phone, drone, sensors, cloud services, IoT, radio broadcasting, television, desktop, internet backbone hardware and software, communications satellites, and so on (Fig.1). Innovative, intelligent technologies and practices are transforming agriculture a profitable industry. Digitization in the 21st century implies that every contemporary field or industry becomes more dependent on hardware equipment linked through certain media and guided by programming software. Some analysts also call this development "Agriculture 4.0-The Future of Farming Technology” a term the World Government Summit used (Dubai United Arab Emirates, 2018). Innovative, intelligent technologies and practices are transforming these industries from the inside out. The farming business has undergone a substantial technological change. These intelligent technologies have pushed the entire agricultural business into the digital age. Agriculture involves big spatial data, sensors, drones, environmental controls, farm manage- ment software, micro-farms, intelligent packaging technology, gene manipulation and e-grocer businesses. In addition, artificial intelligence (AI) provides decision support through machine and advanced digital learning processes ( Choudhary VK et al. 2019 ). A farmer needs the intervention of Smart Technology to provide timely Information on various stages of farming. A farmer needs innovative technology to assess the appropriate input requirement, such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, timely favorable weather conditions, credit availability, soil testing mechanism, etc. before planting. Innovative technology may assist in adopting good agricultural practices, Pest control, appropriate harvesting technique, and safe, adequate packaging of goods before the harvesting stage. The farmer needs technology help in intelligent storage, grading, and maintenance of international standards, providing supply chain logistic facility and proper post- harvest management. A farmer desperately needs reliable Information on commodity prices in mandis /market, alternative market channels, and consumer behavior. C © 2023 Global Journals Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology Volume XXIII Issue I Version I 49 ( )G Year 2023 Abstract- Corresponding Author: Scientist, Computer Application, ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram, Meerut-PIN- 250110. e-mail: vipinmeerut@gmail.com