Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, G: Interdisciplinary, Volume 23 Issue 1

In addition, drones are now being used in projects supplementing the work on pollination that bees have generally perform. Environmental change is a significant issue for humankind. If climate change continues to exacerbate, a crisis of food shortages could occur, resulting in price rise exuberantly even in more developed countries ( Andy Heikkila 2 018) and a public health crisis in the form of global food shortages and hunger. As such, Govt. policymakers should pay attention to the problem. Time magazine reports that more than seven hundred bee species are going extinct. This bee extinction could be catastrophic because bees play an important economic role as pollinators that help to sustain agricultural production. Having the real time monitoring capabilities, drone can play a vital role in future farming. Drones can mechanize every step of farming, eliminating the costs of human errors and enabling farmers to quick reliable solution. (Abderahman Rejeb et al. 2022) b) Urban/Vertical Smart Farms The most significant advantage of urban agriculture is the innovative use of space. As a result, urban farms may be as productive as our typical outdoor garden. Nevertheless, on the other hand, they could be as sophisticated, well-regulated, and futuristic as a stack of environmentally controlled pods. We have begun to experience that yields in urban or vertical farming ventures are higher than in traditional Farming. ( Andy Heikkila 2018). However, "Vertical farming does not promise to change how we farm fundamentally, just make it more effective, competitive and take up less space." Conventional farmers should come forward to learn vertical farming principles and follow smart design principles in their buildings and construction design to reduce waste and increase production output. Ample space means more energy required for heat and light, resulting in higher costs and more waste of resources. As we keep on overpopulating, we need more space and will need to rely on the effective use of space and growth to continue to feed ourselves. c) Down on the Robotic-Farm New generation intelligent innovating machines will radically transform crop cultivation in the future by using expertly selected inputs. Eventually, agricultural robots can work in all farming operations, from weed management driving tractors (automatic weeding), fruit picking, and disease control. The 'adaptable multi- purpose robotic platform' of Bosch's BoniRob ( Fig 4. Trevor Daugherty 2015 ) build on an artificial intelligence platform. This agricultural robot uses camera and image recognition technology to detect and remove weeds by driving a bolt into the ground. It learns to discriminate between weeds and crops through picture training on leaf size, shape, and color. BoniRob can roll through a field, removing unwanted plants without destroying anything valuable. (Trevor Daugherty 2 015 ). This robot is to cut down the considerable amount of time spent on labor-intensive tasks associated with farming, like planting and picking the seeds. The operating brain of this system can view and distinguish between different plant types based on form, shape, color, and other characteristics. It uses this astute knowledge to correctly classify good and poor plants when working in the field. (Trevor Daugherty 2 015 ) The standout feature of BoniRob is its weed management system. According to Bosch, it can remove weeds by striking them with a metal rod with enough force that the intruder cannot survive. This is a better alternative to chemicals for both humans and the environment. In addition, the system will decide on any item on the ground based on what its trainer has taught. Source: Trevor Daugherty, 2015 d) Smartphone With the advent of mobile phone technology, everyone has more access to information. Introducing low-cost mobile phones and data has resulted in the development of new affordable agricultural services and applications. For example, farmers can quickly and timely access weather information, plant health monitoring, market information, education, and other agricultural services on his/her smartphones. In addition, Smartphone holder farmer can manage yield management systems to monitor and make insight- driven decisions about fertilizer, crop yields, weather patterns, water requirements, growing conditions, understanding of Pest Population Dynamics, and disease detection. Voluminous data generated world- wide is used to provide online advisory services for arable farms and other agribusiness organizations. A mobile phone-based remote-control Smart water system helps alleviate leaks and equipment breakdowns by informing farmers timely and allowing them to control water pumps remotely. As a result, farmers can slash travel and water costs/waste by irrigating crops remotely. It is auto-smart, robust & simple, controlled by Applications of Emerging Smart Technologies in Farming Systems: A Review © 2023 Global Journals Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology Volume XXIII Issue I Version I 52 ( ) Year 2023 G Fig . 4: Bosch-Boniro b