Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, G: Interdisciplinary, Volume 23 Issue 1

Applications of Emerging Smart Technologies in Farming Systems: A Review © 2023 Global Journals Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology Volume XXIII Issue I Version I 56 ( ) Year 2023 G Jivabhumi partners ( https://jivabhumi.com/ ) with farmers, and farmers groups, aggregates farm produce and makes it traceable by leveraging a BLOCKCHAIN- enabled platform called FOOTPRINT. Jivabhum is incubated and accelerated by India’s leading start-up accelerators, such as YES Scale Accelerator. Jivabhumi enables consumers (B2C) and institutional buyers (B2B) to buy chemical, pesticide-free, and traceable farms directly produced by the producers. It aims to digitalize agriculture to solve supply chain inefficiencies. k) CRISPR and Genetic Editing Scientists have recently started using CRISPR/Cas9 (Fig. 9 Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, Plec Corrie 2020) . To achieve precise genetic surgery that allows them to concentrate and modify an organism's genome by ablating or replacing specific parts of the genetic sequence of a DNA strand. Medical News Today states that findings of recent case study of biotechnology company Verve Therapeutics, New Zealand, genetic engineering has been shown to reduce cholesterol Fig. 9: Natural Vs Engineered CRISPR systems( Plec, Corrie, 2020 ) CRISPR is now being used to adjust cow's gut microbes in order to reduce the amount of methane produced. Adapting cow microbiomes to produce more meat from fewer foods could boost the meat industry's competitiveness and profitability. Furthermore, methane has approximately twenty-five times more heat-trapping capacity than carbon dioxide. Hence reducing cow methane production could have a significant impact on the environment. Scientists have also begun to develop engineered crops that require less water and produce more food. However, tampering with genetics in any ecosystem or environment may result in unanticipated consequences. So, we must avoid generating more problems to fix a few. l) Data, the Life of New Agriculture Agricultural activity does not only generate crops with M2M (Machine to Machine). It also grows another valuable crop, "data." The scientific community is uncovering evidence to support sustainable soil health intensification and soil health maintenance at the field, farm, and enterprise levels. The researchers at IBM anticipate more significant use of extensive data analysis in the agricultural sector (business.weather. com) Farmers and farming companies are trying to discover the advantage of precision farming. "Smart Farming" integrates remote sensing, IoT tools, robotics, extensive data processing, artificial intelligence, and other emerging technologies into an integrated high- crop production system. ( Choudhary VKetal.2016 ). Precision technology is a farm management concept that uses satellites and GPS tracking systems to measure and respond to crop field variability. Precision farming can double the farming output to feed the 9 billion people predicted to populate the planet by 2050 and shift societal perceptions of the agriculture industry. Precision farming was also the subject of a Goldman Sachs 2016 report, subtitled Cheating Malthus with Digital. According to agricultural researchers, crop yield can be increased by 70% by 2050 through precision planting, fertilizer application, irrigation spraying, and autonomous driving applications, with adoption commencing in existing marine applications. (Lyndsey Gilpin 2014) m) Bio Informatics in Agriculture Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary scientific field that uses information technology to process and manage biological data using cutting-edge computer tools. Bioinformatics is a branch of computer science that studies and predicts the structure and function of genomic data, biological sequence data, and macromolecules. Agriculture genomics is a classic example of a bioinformatics application in agriculture in which genomic data is collected, stored, and interpreted. Bioinformatics tools and methods are used in agriculture in many ways, including increasing plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors and improving through this avenue. ( Plec Corrie2020 ).