Global Journal of Human-Social Science, A: Arts and Humanities, Volume 22 Issue 5

including political, social, and historical and legendry ones. He is a genius playwright with universal themes and ideas. Hamid (1997:67) stated that Bakathir once said" I believed in universality..I wished that peace to be spread over the world..I wish if the world is united in continues peace, cooperation and love (12). Bakathir's well known plays including The Secret of Shahrazad 1952 a romance which was translated into English inspired by the Arabian Nights . Another play is Harut and Marut 1962, a moral fantasy represents the Islamic view of man's future in the universe. It makes possible that man can reach other planets and stars and discover their secrets as he does on earth. Men Fawq Saba'a Samawat , Qasr Al Hawdag , Al-Silsilah wa Al- Ghofran and Serr Alhakim be amr Allah are other plays of Bakathir that were influenced by his Islamic attitude and values. Another significant play of Bakathir is Dr. Hazim which deals with contemporary social issues. Bakathir also wrote Masrah Al-Siasah "The Drama of Politics " which is a collection of his political dramatizations dealt with some political issues and themes. Six of Bakathir plays were written in verse and eleven plays remain unpublished . Ikhnaton Wa Nefirtiti is a famous verse drama which deals with historical events from ancient Egyptian history. Oedipus Tragedy is another famous legendary and social play of Bakathir. II. R evolution in A nimal F arm Revolution can be defined as a state of change from oppression intro freedom; and the state of overthrowing a ruler or government and replace them by another. In many revolutions, a circle of events starts right before a revolution and ends with a society ready to rebel again. However, most of the revolutions begin with one basic thought or concept: There is something wrong with this society, which leads to a state of unhappy mood among the citizens because they are being abused in a similar way the animals were abused in "Animal Farm". They also could be fascinated with old major's dreams and the song "Beasts of England". Briefly, when all of the mistreatments become too much, the society will rebel against. This part will discuss the factors of revolution, revolution success and deterioration. a) Factors of Revolution All over the world, revolutions start as a rebellion against wrong doings and injustice committed by government leaders. Therefore, Orwell succeeded in presenting the main factors that lay behind any revolution in his masterpiece, Animal Farm , and they are as the following: i. Oppression and the Absence of Freedom and Justice In Animal Farm , Orwell criticizes the ways that dictators and power-loving leaders use oppression and the absence of freedom and justice as means of controlling their peoples. Oppression is one of the devils from which people wish to free themselves and this what we see in Animal Farm in the act of Mr. Jones who used to overwork and oppress the animals and steel their products of their labor as well as he can whip or slaughter them at his discretion. Above all, he plunders them from their freedom and this was reflected in old major's speech when he delivers an impassioned speech to the animals imploring them to reject the injustice imposed upon them by the human, Mr. Jones. He asks them about the nature of their life, which is miserable, laborious, and short. He says that no animal in England is free and the life of an animal is a misery and slavery. Finally, he attributes the miseries of their lives to human being who is the real enemy they have. He ends his speech by saying that the solution is to remove man from the scene, and the root cause of hunger and overwork is to abolish forever because man is the only creature that consumes without producing. ii. The Leader's Corruption George Orwell attacks the government corruption which is one of the major factors that lay behind revolution anywhere in the world. He presents a realistic image of the behavior of the government corruption in Animal Farm . In this novel, Mr. Jones and his government represent the corrupted government. However, all animals in the farm suffer a lot from their owner's ruthless and strict rule. They undergo a type of offense, humiliation, torture, oppression and slavery as well as starvation. Nevertheless, when problems come to head and they could not afford such harsh and merciless rule. Then they unite and rebel against their master, Mr. Jones, and chase him off and establish their new egalitarian society based on the equity of their own. iii. Dictatorship Animal Farm is a short satire on dictatorship. Animals on the farm revolt against their master, Jones. They are successful in getting rid off of the tyrant. They disastrously unsuccessful over something they had never regarded as a problem, their dealings with each other. The revolution is hardly complete before the conflicts appear. The pigs did not actually work, but directed and supervised others. With their superior knowledge it was natural they should assume the leadership. With the leadership, they also assume the buckets of milk yielded by the cows, and the apples from the orchard. Once there was no longer any danger of Jones's return, a new threat must be found to keep the other animals working their hardest, contented in submission to the pigs. The new threat is a pig. Snowball, who believes that the proper strategy is to send out more and more pigeons and stir up rebellion among the animals on other farms; as opposed to pig's leader. Napoleon, backed by squealer, who insists that The Concept of Revolution in George Orwell's Animal Farm and Ali Ahmed Bakathir's Red Rebel: A Comparative Study © 2022 Global Journals Volume XXII Issue V Version I 103 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 A