Global Journal of Human-Social Science, A: Arts and Humanities, Volume 22 Issue 5

their own interests regardless of any miserable conditions or circumstances of others. Those savage leaders plunder all animals efforts. In addition, they dominate, humiliate and kill anyone who dares to stand in their ways. ii. Greed, Injustice and Selfishness In Animal Farm , the leaders, (the pigs) are stronger in position and wealth than other animals so, they hold the rule as the government easily. Those greedy leaders appear in the first screen as wise and fair ones. However, they really fail their devoted notion because of greed and selfishness. They oppress and kill several animals to terrify the others for making any policy would lead to threaten their prestige in the country. They use all means to maintain a quite situation through mass media, convincing or murdering if needed. iii. Conflicts and Disagreements Because of the lack of power, prestige and reputation the conflict starts taking its way to eliminate the revolution walls. As this known in Animal Farm novel, the pigs are the leaders. Nevertheless, they are scattered as the scatter of the flowers in the winter season. Each one of the leaders stands to prepare his army to invade each other as same as Napoleon does to Snowball. Without deny all these bitter events of arguments and disagreements pave the way of revolution destruction in Animal Farm novel expectedly. iv. Changing and adjusting the Commandments of Revolution by the Leaders Old Major establishes a system of unity and all animals were fully satisfied with the system that represents the constitution of the farm, which is represented by seven commandments as they were mentioned previously. However, unfortunately all these seven commandments were adjusted then changed to serve the leaders' benefits only. Actually, these seven commandments aim at uniting all the animals as one body and one soul and keep them faithful to each other. Moreover, these seven commandments are designed to keep order and prevent animals from following the human's evil habits. However, all the dreams of Old Major are destroyed by the dishonest leaders who adjusted all those commandments for their own comforts and welfares only. For example, the commandment that says "No animal shall drink alcohol" having to excess appended to it,, and "No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets added to it." Eventually, all the commandments are replaced with "All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others." As a result of the betrayal of those virtuous and upright commandments by the dishonest leaders; the pillars of the revolution vanished to be nothing. v. Absence of Equity and Equality The absence of equality and equity is considered the main reason of the anarchy that led to the disappearance of the revolution. As it is seen and noticed from the evil deeds of the leaders, all hopes and demands of animals are extinguished by the absence of equality and equity of the leaders. The rulers of Animal Farm such as Napoleon and Snowball are more oppressive and heartless than that of the former human masters. They plunder all the rights of animals by force. In addition, they oblige majority of animals to work as slaves beneath their harsh orders mercilessly. As it is clear, the pigs are superior of all animals, so they attempt to stop any animal from approaching their positions and benefits. In fact, the leaders killed many innocent animals in the way of scaring the others to be silent and satisfied with all what would occur at any moment. Eventually, all oppressed animals suffer a lot and undergo several colors of more ordeal and homelessness in the period of pig's rule than what they have seen at the period of their former human masters. III. T he C oncept of R evolution in R ed R ebe l Revolution is a state of change from situation to another, from worse to better, from dark to light and vice versa. Revolution comes as a reaction against persecution, tyranny and portion imposed upon society. However, when these kinds of mistreatments come over a head people within a society, it may not bear such abuses. Then they will revolt against as Hamdan and many other peasants do in "Red Rebel" . They suffer and taste the ups and downs of life. They are being abused, humiliated and mistreated by their master, Ibn Al- Hateem, who is the owner of the land. Finally, when the mistreatments become unbearable, they revolt against their leader. Following are the factors of revolution and revolution success and deterioration. a) Factors of Revolution There are many factors and causes that lay behind the revolution in Red Rebel . Revolution in Red Rebel comes as a result from Ibn Al-Hateem's harsh and strict rule. These factors can be summarized as follows: i. Oppression and the Absence of Freedom and Justice In Red Rebel , Ali Ahmed Bakathir comments on the powerful leaders who use oppression and persecution as means to control their poor and needy subjects. This powerful act can be seen in the act of Ibn Al-Hatiam used to overwork and oppress the peasants or laborers in his land. He steals their products from their labor and plunders them from their liberty. They suffer a lot because of their overworks and miserable conditions of life. They used to work day and night without stopping for the sake of getting their life living. The Concept of Revolution in George Orwell's Animal Farm and Ali Ahmed Bakathir's Red Rebel: A Comparative Study © 2022 Global Journals Volume XXII Issue V Version I 105 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 A