Global Journal of Human-Social Science, A: Arts and Humanities, Volume 22 Issue 5

v. Abu Al-Baga's Movement The true religious system is considered as the best honorable and beneficial system that keeps and insures all human rights at any age. It is the system that spread fairness and equality among all people regardless their richness, poverty, prestige, inferiority or superiority. This movement is established by Al-Sheikh Abi Al-Baga who is supported by the Alabasi king Al- Moghtadhed. This generous movement destroyed all kinds of poverty and starvation among all people, so that justice and equality prevail all people. On the contrary, Hamdan's system or movement which is based on the theory of (the comprehensive justice) ends with failure and damnation because it neglects the rules and principles of Islam. At the beginning, this movement aims to achieve all demands, needs and desires of all oppressed people in order the leaders win their confidence, loyalty and devotion. After the leaders control everything, they start replacing their noble and fair system by severe and harsh one. They oblige all inferior people to work in the lands in return for simple things such as food and clothes only. Those leaders start to plunder and humiliate all downtrodden people. In addition, they order them to give up performing the prayer for the sake of increasing more production and more harvest that goes to leaders' pockets only. After all, the downtrodden people feel more oppressed and enslaved than Ibn Al-Hateem's system; they left working in those lands. All those oppressed people escaped to Baghdad to join Abi Al-Baga's movement. It is the movement that is based on the Islamic rules and which achieve all their rights in return for nothing. So, Hamdan's system starts to fall down gradually until it disappears completely. IV. A nimal F arm and R ed R ebel: A C omparative S tudy This part focuses on finding out the main points of similarities and dissimilarities in the representation of the concept of revolution in both novels and the life of the two novelists. This part is divided into two sections: Section 1: Similarities and Differences in Orwell and Bakathir's life and the themes of their Novels This section is also divided into two parts, the similarities and differences in the life of the two writers which explains the similarity of the two novels and the second part will focus on the similarities and differences of the themes of the two novels. a) Leader Novelists George Orwell (1903-1950) is a prominent novelist, essayist, and critic who lived according to his beliefs, dedicating all his life and writing career for the sake of fighting oppression, tyranny and injustice. The main motivating force behind Orwell's writing was his strong feelings about social injustice and oppression whenever and wherever he saw their practice. It is his social injustice and tyranny that caused his unhappiness in life. Therefore, he became a strong fighter of oppression and totalitarianism in all its forms. ''Thereafter I knew where I stood. Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written directly or indirectly against totalitarianism and for Democratic Socialism as I understand it''. Orwell said . Bakathir is considered by many critics the leader of Arabic literary writers and the pioneer of Islamic historical novel in modern Arabic literature. He is also the pioneer of free verse poetry and political drama in modern Arabic literature He endowed his life to his art, the art of literature. His work is marked by seriousness, faithfulness and intelligence. He wrote six novels and his most famous novel was Red Rebel . Bakathir said: ''In my writing of novel and drama, I'm fishing for achieving two objectives: political one which is based on calling for Arab unity, and humanitarian one that is concerned with expressing the reality of Islam and its higher position as well as its views in life and the world''. b) Thematic Similarities in the Animal Farm and Red Rebel As has been examined and explored previously, there is a similarity in the themes of the two novels. i. Violence and Terror as Means of Control Violence and terror are used as a means of control in both novels. Violence is one of the yokes from which people and animals wish to free themselves. In Animal Farm , Mr. Jones uses violence and terror as a means of controlling the animals in the farm. Not only does Mr. Jones overwork the animals and steal the products of their labor, but can slaughter and whip them at his discretion as well. Once the pigs gain control of the animals, they, like Mr. Jones, discover how useful violence and terror can be. They use this knowledge to their full advantage. So, the foremost example of violence and terror in this novel is the pattern of public executions. Similarly, in Red Rebel , Ibn Al-Hateem uses violence and terror as means of control. He overworks and overwhelms the peasants and steals their products of their labor. However, when Hamdan and his cousin, Abdan, gain control and become the leaders of people, they do worse than Ibn Al-Hateem did. They use violence and terror as means of controlling their subjects. ii. Human Rights and Exploitation In Animal Farm , initially, animals don't realize that Mr. Jones is exploiting them. For this reason, old Major's speech is a revelation of momentous proportions. Old Major explains to the animals that they are enslaved, exploited, their life is miserable and that man is to blame. Then he teaches them not only what exploitation means, but also the fact that isn’t inevitable. The Concept of Revolution in George Orwell's Animal Farm and Ali Ahmed Bakathir's Red Rebel: A Comparative Study Volume XXII Issue V Version I 108 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 © 2022 Global Journals A