Global Journal of Human-Social Science, A: Arts and Humanities, Volume 22 Issue 5

represented by the multinational on African women as well as the land (nature). She argues that Bibi suffers the consequence of that spill economically, just as much as it renders the land (nature) unproductive. It is in this regard that they are co-victims of patriarchal oppression (p. 44). Secondly, it mimics the persistence of the exploitation of African land and her women to the advantage of the West and African patriarchal capitalists. Bibi’s refusal to join other women in reporting the incident of oil spill to the Amananaowei, the community leader, signifies her loss of confidence in the patriarchal traditional institution, and as such sees the patriarchal leader as an accomplice and collaborator in the joint exploitation of nature and African women (p. 44). Ashaola concludes by highlighting not just the complimentary relationship between African women and nature, but the symbiotic synergy between them and the non-human other. In another gender based study, Koussouhon, Leonard A. and Ashani M. Dossoumou (2015) explore the oppression of women by some male agents in the society. In their article “Analyzing Interpersonal Metafunction through Mood and Modality in Kaine Agary’s Yellow Yellow from Critical Discourse and Womanist Perspectives”, Koussouhon and Dossoumou blend linguistic theory (Critical Discourse Theory) and literary theory (Womanism) in analysing the speeches of characters to determine how much they support or oppress women, and how the women survive in the novel. The article’s focus is on the analysis of an extract from the novel. It analyzes the novel by focusing on the interpersonal metafunction through mood and modality, and blending it with the womanist perspectives in order to arrive at a conclusion. They conclude that the novel rejects any form of oppression against women. And that the women in the novel are communitarians because the women community work hands in gloves to ensure that young girls in their community succeed both academically and in the society at large which is a core principle of womanism (p. 31). Consequently, they argue that Agary’s novel is geared towards a pro- women social change for a more balanced African society. The outlook of the article is in its perception different from the present study in that it is a linguistic womanist study as against the postcolonial environmental perception of the current study. In a purely linguistic study, Robert Esther and Ekemini Sunday Umoekah (2019) examine the linguistic style of Kaine Agary in Yello Yellow so as to effectively interpret the text. Using M.A.K. Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics and linguistic stylistics as the theoretical basis, they appraise the major lexical, lexico- semantics, grammatical and graphological features of the text. After the appraisal, it was discovered that the texts uses mainly concrete nouns, active and dynamic verbs, first person-pronoun “I”, co-ordinates and simple sentences, semi-colon and exclamation marks as its peculiar linguistic features which marks its style as feminine. The text also uses neologisms, sexist tropes, parallel clause structures Nigerianisms and pidgin to beautify and contextualise the discourse. The aim of this approach is to show how Agary’s use of language (style) is distinct from other writers (pp. 58-59). The systematic analysis of Yellow Yellow shows a regular pattern of representations of issues like oil pollution, female exploitation, identity crisis, and socio-political crises in the Niger Delta (p. 67). It can be deduced that from the linguistic stylistic reading of the text, the writer thematically captures the nation’s ills and the stylistic development of language and theory appropriately (p. 67). This study being a purely linguistic study of Yellow Yellow , is very distict from the present study which majorly a postcolonial environmental one. Volume XXII Issue V Version I 4 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 © 2022 Global Journals A A Social Ecological Reading of Kaine Agary’s Yellow Yellow In like manner, Ngozi Chuma-Udeh (2014) explores the novel purely from a feminist perspective. She takes a cursory look at the rights of women as a mark of sustainable development as projected by female writers (p. 4). She decries the commodification of women as objects to be bought by the highest bidder in the novel. Chuma-Udeh notes that the subjugation of women as objects of sexual gratification is made possible due to unequal employment opportunity with their male counterpart. She also laments the indiscriminate manner in which foreign oil workers impregnate and abandon local naive girls that mostly produce yellow children like Zilayefa with no paternal care and love (p. 22). Consequently, most of the girls end up as school drop-outs, and eventually turns to prostitution as a means of survival in a very harsh society that cares nothing about them. Chuma-Udeh therefore calls on government and society to include women in development plans of the society in order to achieve a sustainable development. Most importantly, for her, women should be educated since it is a gateway for their emancipation (p. 23). On the other hand, Chukwueloka, Christian Chukwuloo (2017) takes a look at the society reflected in the novel from a Marxist perspective. In an article titled “Exploitation, Hardship, and Corruption as Impediments to Development in the Niger Delta: A Study of Kaine Agary’s Yellow Yellow ”, Chukwueloka vilifies the bourgeois and their foreign partners for exploiting the society which accounts for the hardship suffered by the poor people, as well as perpetuating corrupt practices that impedes development. He avers that the people of the Niger Delta are exploited economically, sexually, physically and emotionally. For him, this exploitation in a way or the other retards growth and development of the people and the society (p. 2). To buttress his argument, Chukwueloka recounts Zilayefa's experiences of sexual exploitation in the hands of Sergio and Admiral and the exploitation of the Niger Delta people and their land by the bourgeoisie and the multinational oil companies (pp. 2-8). He also laments over the untold hardship suffered