Global Journal of Human-Social Science, A: Arts and Humanities, Volume 22 Issue 7

thorough discovery of the other who was perceived, until then, solely as a patient, become more concerned regarding which professional they want to be, one that follows a more technical approach or more humanistic one. They realize, however, that it is possible to reconcile these two poles, which have never been antagonistic, but, rather, complementary. The undergraduates participating in the project highlighted how much the anamnesis does not allow them to apprehend aspects such as feelings, worldviews nor the experiences resulted from living with an illness. They also emphasized that the diagnosis process is focused on interruptions and directions that lead them to the disease, but distancing them from the speaker. In this process, the person becomes solely the patient, no longer leading his own story. When practicing active listening, the group emphasizes how important it was for the understanding of the illness experience of the people they interviewed, while highlighting points not commonly observed in the anamnesis collection, such as the importance of the psychosocial aspects. The existence of a restriction on the subject that occurs when only talking about the disease was evident, as well as the discovery of emotions, both in the people from whom the narratives were collected and in the students themselves. As said, these are aspects that permeate all the speeches, but stand out the most from Physiotherapy and Nutrition students, as is also observed in the CFA. The Flexner model had excellent success in controlling and reducing acute diseases, which can, above all, be considered biological processes, the main intention for which the model was designed. However, the current epidemiological picture, with a predominance of chronic diseases, needs to modify said standard, especially since the latter is characterized by being predominantly biographical, hence the need to listen to the broader history of the subject. In researches done with collections of illness narratives of people who have a chronic condition, it is observed that many interviewees, when reliving past moments, express feelings and experiences through verbal language, but, mainly, through non-verbal language. These readings are not always performed or taken into account when obtaining the traditional anamnesis 21, 24 . The narrative representation of the disease, specifically the reconstruction of the experience of illness and suffering, allows the person to re-elaborate what they lived and how they felt in such a way that the entire experience becomes more clearly defined, not only for others, but, above all, for themselves. Thus, it provides cultural meanings and reintegration of social relationships altered by the disease. For a subject with a chronic illness, it is an open process, because the illness has not ended, which leads them to be continually alternating the present and the past, weaving a plot that makes their suffering understandable 2, 24 . Regarding the collections of narratives of illness from people who have a chronic condition, it is observed that many interviewees suffer when reliving past moments of hardship, which can be noticed by these students. These emotions are not always valued when obtaining the traditional anamnesis, thus preventing the creation of a deeper and more trusting bond 2, 25 . When working with narratives, the importance of perceptions and feelings that attentive listening provokes is also noted. The group of students was deeply affected by the listening, with researches emphasizing that undergraduates, despite admiring the patients, have difficulties in dealing with all the brought up emotions and suffering, possibly even resulting in emotional overload, hence the importance of the reception made by tutors to the students participating in the project soon after the collection 23, 25 . It is noted that undergraduates in Medicine and Nutrition are the ones most affected by these issues, as highlighted by the CFA. During the activity, countertransference movements were observed. This occurs in the health professional-person relationship positively (feelings of affection and admiration) or negatively (aggressiveness and resistance). Aspects that were too painful for the health professional, especially in the family environment, are usually the triggers of countertransference, blocking the relationship. In the case of countertransference, some of its possible consequences can be: lack of carefulness and attention to the listening of the narrative, early interruptions, judgment and self-identification. These factors were observed in the speeches of one of the undergraduates, which made it impossible for her to continue listening attentively to the person from whom she collected the narrative, resulting in a phenomenon rarely discussed during undergraduate training, which is the erosion of the health professional-person relationship by bringing irrational, unconscious, unrealistic issues to it 29 . The need for students who participated in the project to develop a habit of writing portfolios relating their experiences is also highlighted. The habit of writing about their experiences with others is not an activity normally encouraged in Brazilian’s undergraduate health courses 30 , however, research indicates that when the writing pertains to feelings, ideas and experiences, undergraduates tend to more comprehensively reflect on their own lives, making them more empathetic and approachable 13, 23, 25 . Finally, the differences in words found regarding the gender of the undergraduates are highlighted. As the software works with social representations and gender roles, as described and inscribed in our culture, are socially constructed, it is not surprising that a distinction is observed. The literature infers that women health professionals bring more evocations related to Volume XXII Issue VII Version I 8 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 © 2022 Global Journals A The Use of Illness Narratives in Undergraduate Physiotherapy, Medicine, and Nutrition: Innovative Experiences at a University in São Paulo