Global Journal of Human-Social Science, A: Arts and Humanities, Volume 22 Issue 8

nursing solutions are effective, they are not easy to afford without government subsidies; the cost per unit may vary between $4,000 and $9,000, not including maintenance, training, and assistance. In addition to nursing services, advanced technologies play an important role in preventive and rehabilitative medicine ranging from retinal disease to Alzheimer’s predictions, to advanced dentistry, nanorobotic surgeries, and psychological illness risk assessmen t 26 . Preventive and regenerative solutions based on advanced technology are a subset of a broader universe of services called telecare which “includes technical devices and assistive technology as well as professional health care services to assist, monitor and care for people from a distance. Telecare includes a variety of services such as communication, monitoring, consultation, diagnostics, and training. ” 27 Studies show that thanks to telecare elderly people can preserve their autonomy and active life for longer, which has a positive impact on the economy and frees up resources dedicated to social spending. Telecare also helps to reduce the number of injuries, accidents, and hospital admissions. 28 They can also help the elderly avoid the risk of social isolation, especially in the case of people who, due to illness, lack of family members, or natural aging, cannot easily leave their home or residence . 29 No-Isolation is a Norwegian startup that specializes in developing communication devices easy- to-use for older generations. The company came up with KOMP a device that shares photos, messages and makes video calls. It does not require previous digital skills. The company recognizes that conventional tablets and smartphones are not easy to use for everyone. 26 Using AI to predictretinal disease progression https://deepmin d. com/blog/article/Using_ai_to_predict_retinal_disease_progression; Robot jaws shows medicated chewing gum could be the futur e https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/20071410122 6.htm; Artificial intelligence predic ts Alzheimer's years before diagnosis https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/11/181106104249.htm; https://www.deutschland.de/en/topic/business/medicine-for-the-future -research-in-robotics-and-ai 27 http://wp6.pacitaproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Telecare- description-web.pdf 28 Teleassistance and future ageing http://wp6.pacitaproject.eu/tech nology-description/ ; How smart monitoring technologies and AI optimise patient safety https://www.healthe uropa.eu/how-s mart- monitoring-technologies-and-ai-optimise-patient-safety/107790/;The Future of Remote Patient Monitoring is in Artificial Intelligence https://meddevops.blog/2019/10/09/the-future-of-remote-patient-monit oring-is-in-artificial-intelli gence/ ; Transforming healthcare with AI https://eithealth.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/EIT-Health-and-McKi nsey_Transforming-Healthcare-with-AI.pdf. 29 https://www.noisolation.com/global/research/what-is-social-isolati on/ KOMP features high contrast screens, enhanced audio, and a one-button interface. 30 Another interesting example comes from Cyberdyne Inc. a company that specializes in cybernetics , which is applied technology solutions at the intersection of human anatomy, robotics,and information technology. The company has developed treatment devices that help regenerate neuro-physical functions. It also manufacturers rescue devices, heavy labor devices, and entertainment equipment. Among its flagship products, there is hybrid assistive limb (HAL), “the world’s first cyborg-type robot,” The diffusion of telecare is closely linked to the devel op ment of smart homes and residences equipped with the internet of things, home health monitoring technologies for older adults, personalized interior design, and customized healthcare. 31 which stimulates brain functions. Cybernic treatments , w hich rely on HAL, recognize that a healthy nervous system is fundamental to maintain or regain kineticcapabilities. What HAL adds to conventional physiotherapy is the emphasis on regaining the connection loop between the human brain, the nerve system, and muscles. Not only can HAL be used in post-traumatic treatments (i.e., spinal cord injuries), but also in cerebrovascular conditions, degenerative conditions, and even non-medical well- being-oriented treatments oriented towards preserving the autonomy of movement. In addition, the company offers services such as NeuroHealthFit, which are guided rehab sessions with the use of HAL equipment to improve the nerve and muscular functions. 32 Cyberdyne’s products and services aim to build a brighter future in which the elderly and the disabled can live active lives thanks to techno-peer support . 33 b) Public transport and mobility services Whill, Inc. provides advanced mobility services for last-mile transportation. The company seeks to fill the void regarding near-home mobility for the disabled. While wheelchair-friendly infrastructure is commonplace at airports and railway stations around the globe, people inwheelchairs still tend to face steep mobility challenges running local daily errands. To increase mobility independence within a one-mile radius of the residences of the wheelchair-bound, WhillInc. commercializes highly 30 https://www.noisolation.com/global/komp/#header 31 “What is HAL? The world’s first cyborg-type robot,” Cyberdyne Japan, last modified 2020, https://www.cyberdyne.jp/english/products /HAL/index.html. 32 “Cybernic Treatment,” Japan Gov, last modified September, 2019, https://www.japan.go.jp/technology/innovation/cybernictreatment.html; “What is HAL? the world‘s first cyborg-type robot,” Cyberdyne Japan, last modified 2020, https://www.cyberdyne.jp/english/products/HAL/ index.html. 33 “Corporate Identification,” Corporate Identification, Cyberdyne, last modified 2020, https://www.cyberdyne.jp/english/company/index.html. Volume XXII Issue VIII Version I 26 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 © 2022 Global Journals A Can the 4 th Industrial Revolution be a Solution to the Challenges of Social Aging?