Global Journal of Human-Social Science, B: Geography, Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Volume 22 Issue 3

is an indispensable element for vitamin B12 (Nagajyoti et al. 2010). In the soil of anthropized environments it is common to find non-essential elements that are considered toxic to plant organisms such as Hg, Ag, Pb, Ni. In addition, in anthropized spaces, trace elements such as Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn or Co, among others, usually occur in high concentrations, harmful to the development of most plant species (Nagajyoti et al. 2010). However, species such as Ailanthus altissima have the ability to develop in soils with toxic concentrations of these metal elements (Corral, 2022). This species shows a clear and marked expansion in habitats significantly disturbed by anthropic actions. Thus, the species has been considered one of the most tolerant to air pollution, being highly resistant to SO2 and other compounds harmful to most plant organisms, being highly resistant to SO2 and other compounds harmful to most plant organisms. This tolerance is due, among other characters, to the high antioxidant capacity of its leaves. In addition, it has a great capacity for detoxification (Kovacs et al. 1982). According to the results Ailanthus altissima has the ability to bioaccumulate in its plant tissues elements such as B, Cu, Sn and Sr (Table 2), which will be returned to the soil surface with the loss of the leaf surface. The loss of the leaves implies that Ailanthus altissima has modified the content of minority elements of the soils studied. This change is related to the number of individuals existing in the same soil surface. This fact is important when studying soil fertility, since there are changes in the phosphorus content of the soil. Before this study, changes in soil fertility have been observed due to the presence of Ailanthus altissima (Gutiérrez López et al. 2014, Medina-Villar et al. 2015, 2016), so this fact should be consider in future work, since there is very little research on the influence of the plant on soil fertility. It has been observed that the samples are grouped according to the number of individuals and their content in some toxic elements and soil contaminants such as Cr, V, As, Co and Cu (Figures 1 and 2). These results are of crucial importance, since such elements have been considered as toxic, according to the list of toxic substances made by the Agency for Toxic Substances and disease Registry (ATSDR) in 2019, where the Ace, ranks first. There are studies about the ability of the plant to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in soils (phytoremediation). In these cases, a ilanthus retain toxic elements of the soil, such as heavy metals, in its roots and leaves (Hu et al. 2014; Ranieri et al. 2016; Abbaslou and Bakhtiari, 2017; Ashraf et al. 2017; Lin et al. 2017; Popoviciu and Negreanu-Pîrjol, 2017) who demonstrated the effectiveness of ailanto as a phytoremediation plant to extract Cr, among other metals. A recent study (Lebrun et al. 2020) has shown that Ailanthus altissima remove As and Pb from the soil, in such a way that the As is absorbed, mainly, in the roots due to its similarity with P, with very low amounts in the leaves, while Pb is restricted only to the root surface. More recently, the success of the plant in remedying a soil with Pb and Ni contamination has been demonstrated, this efficiency being clearer when the soils were treated with organic amendments and the plant (Mohebzadeh et al. 2021). In a short period of time, Ailanthus altissima has the ability to retain these minority elements of the soils, an also, to changeits concentration in the soil. The statistical study has demonstrated its capacity as a phytoremediator. Thus, this should be considered in future works, taking into account that currently in the European Union it is estimated that there may be up to 2.8 million places where polluting activities are developed or have been developed (Payá Pérez & Rodríguez Eugenio, 2018). VI. C ONCLUSIONS Ailanthus altissima presents a clear and marked expansion in habitats significantly disturbed by anthropic actions. Thus, the species has been considered one of the most tolerant to air and soil pollution. Being highly resistant to SO2, heavy metals and other compounds harmful to most plant organisms It has been shown that the existence or degree of concentration of certain chemical substances in soils is closely related to the proliferation of Ailanthus altissima . According to our initial hypothesis and the specific objective of this research, the results of the statistical study conclude that Ailanthus altissima produces a change in the content of minor elements content, a fact that must be consider for future studies of soil fertility and heavy metal contamination. Therefore, it is interesting to study those plant organisms that have high tolerance and ability to absorb harmful components of urban soils, in order to manage green areas. In addition, it is important to consider that those species are capable of surviving and growing without constant irrigation and they are sustainable and disturb natural spaces as little as possible and use species without risk of future Invasions. B IBLIOGRAFÍA 1. Abbaslou, H., Bakhtiari, S. (2017). Phytoremediation potential of heavy metals by two native pasture plants (Eucalyptus grandis and ailanthus altissima) assisted with AMF and fibrous minerals in contaminated mining regions. Pollution, 3 (3), 471- 486. © 2022 Global Journals Volume XXII Issue III Version I 5 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 B Ailanthus Altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Bioacumulated Specie of Contaminated Soils