Global Journal of Human Social Science, C: Sociology and Culture, Volume 23 Issue 2

Poultices Generated Mechanically with Compressed Air: “Gunpoint Mix System” Characterization and Properties. Comparison with “Handmade” Poultices Josep Gisbert Aguilar α , Carmen de Peña σ , Jorge Mellado ρ , Raquel Sanz Ѡ & Cristina Antoni ¥ Abstract- The authors have developed an automated method ("Gunpoint mix”) (https://youtu.be/4uXC_OoP7EM) for the manufacture of poultrices. The properties of the cellulose poultrices placed manually with those placed with the "GunPoint Mix" method applied on stone substrates of known characteristics are compared. Arbocel® BWW40 is used in both cases. The physical parameters of the cellulose, the microscopic texture, theabsorption and desorption properties, the penetration of a consolidating product and the ease of cleaningare measured. The main advantage of the "Gunpoint mix" method lies in the speed of the application that allows a very exact control of the application times. Given its good adhesion, it can be applied with the same speed in the roof and top of the vaults (upside down) without the risk of landslides. The water parameters of each type of poultrice, provide information to the restorer to decide on what type of treatment is more appropriate to use a handmade poultrice or a "Gunpoint mix” poultrice. Keywords: paper pulp, poultrice, gunpoint mix, comparative, physical parameters, operability, hand- setting,automatic placement. I. I ntroduction n the field of the preservation-restoration of cultural heritage, it has been necessary to maintain substances in contact with the surface of the area to be treated in order to be more effective, and for this purpose different possibilities have been used. The terminology related to application of absorbent materials on a surface is called "Poultice" [1] (English term), which in the Italian bibliography corresponds to "Papetta" or “impacco" [2], and to “Pasten und Kompressen” in Germanic terminology [3]. The term used in Spanish is “apósitos” [4] or “papeta” [5]. Handmade placement of poultices is slow and laborious, which makes it difficult to put them on site and to control the time of action on the products applied. During a long time, the authors havedeveloped an automatic projection method using compressed air to solve these problems and to work on large surfaces (including complete buildings). The physical properties of the resulting “Gunpoint mix” poultices (we will call them “ GPM ”, they are produced by the use of compressed air) , which have a quite different behavior from that of the "handmade poultice", had not been analyzed in detail yet . A comparative analysis of the two types of poultices is presented here. The term "projected poultrice" is reserved for projection methods that release a previously mixed paste (mortar projection machines), which we consider to be very different from GPM. We must point out that our automated method mixes cellulose fiber with water in the air (at gun point, see fig. 1 and [6]), which is a significant difference with other machines ; generally adapted mortar projection machines that project a cellulose plaster with water that has been previously kneaded. Although initially it was the application time / ease that motivated us to use our automated method, its use made clear that the projected poultices had a di ff erent behavior from the handmade ones, so we finally carried out this characterization. I © 2023 Global Journals Volume XXIII Issue II Version I 1 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 C Author α ρ : Dpto Ciencias de la Tierra Univ. de Zaragoza (Spain). e-mail: gisbert@unizar.es Author σ : Escuela Superior de Conservación Restauración de Bienes Culturales de Aragón (Spain). Author Ѡ ¥ : Self-employed professional (Spain).