Global Journal of Human Social Science, C: Sociology and Culture, Volume 23 Issue 3

© 2023 Global Journals Volume XXIII Issue III Version I 50 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 C Research of Social Inequality of the Population in the Regions of Kazakhstan At the same time, the creation of equal opportunities for women ensures their active participation in the political, economic and social life of the country. The study of the level of gender equality in the regions of Kazakhstan was conducted by comparing the differences in the provision of men and women with jobs and decent pay for their work. For these purposes, the ratio of the average monthly nominal salary per employee among men and women for 2016 and 2021 is calculated (Table 5). Table 5: The ratio of the average monthly nominal salary of one female and male employee Regions and cities 2016 2021 Average monthly nominal salary, US dollars The ratio of women's and men's salaries, % Average monthly nominal salary, US dollars The ratio of women's and men's salaries, % Men Women Men Women Republic of Kazakhstan 514 361 70,2 652 510 78,3 Akmola 344 271 78,7 491 449 91,5 Aktobe 397 299 75,4 559 445 79,6 Almaty 349 299 85,6 471 488 103,5 Atyrau 1 050 539 51,3 1 144 628 54,9 West Kazakhstan 572 329 57,4 592 464 78,3 Zhambyl 310 265 85,2 453 454 100,2 Karaganda 440 301 68,4 642 464 72,2 Kostanay 353 283 80,1 492 443 90,0 Kyzylorda 407 308 75,6 518 470 90,6 Mangystau 1 006 464 46,1 1 005 563 56 Pavlodar 427 311 72,8 568 448 78,8 North Kazakhstan 314 268 85,4 435 434 99,8 Turkestan 2 345 279 80,8 466 443 95,2 East Kazakhstan 403 311 77,2 566 470 82,9 Astana city 685 544 79,4 888 711 80,1 Almaty city 548 463 84,4 756 622 82,3 Shymkent city 2 - - - 461 438 94,9 Note: 1. Calculated according to the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. URL: http: www.stat.gov.kz 2. Calculated in US dollars at the current exchange rate of tenge in the corresponding year. 3. Until 2018. there was a South Kazakhstan region, from which the city of Shymkent and the Turkestan region were separated These data show that in Kazakhstan there is a gender asymmetry in the amount of wages, which is largely due to the fact that women make up the majority in the public sector, where wages are relatively low. V. R esults and D iscussion a) The level of poverty in the regions of Kazakhstan An assessment of regional differences in social indicators showed that the largest gap was in the level of poverty (the proportion of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum). Thus, the gap between the maximum indicator in the Turkestan region and the minimum in Astana reached 8.1 times. At the same time, the gap in per capita nominal monetary incomes of the population is much smaller – 3.6 times. This is due to the fact that there are more numerous households in the Turkestan region. The agro-industrial regions (Akmola, Almaty, Kostanay, Turkestan regions) have the lowest provision of doctors for the population. In terms of housing security, the best situation is observed in the cities of republican significance (Almaty, Astana and Shymkent) and in the oil-producing Atyrau region. At the same time, the largest number of people with disabilities is observed in industrial regions (Karaganda and North Kazakhstan regions). The five leaders in social well-being included two megacities (Astana and Almaty), two oil-producing regions (Atyrau and Mangystau regions) and the industrial Karaganda region. But intraregional problems are also observed in the leading regions. For example, Atyrau region is the leader in terms of average wages. Only 3% of the population of this region have incomes below the subsistence minimum, the coefficient of funds is 3.78. In the Mangystau region, the coefficient of funds