Global Journal of Human Social Science, D: History, Archaeology and Anthroplogy, Volume 23 Issue 3

Volume XXIII Issue III Version I 50 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 D © 2023 Global Journals A Ramesside Stela Fragment with Unusual Offerings (Cairo Agricultural Museum, No.4286) Northern Africa, actually ‘punicus’ means ‘from Carthage’, today Tunis. 49 The English word ‘pomegranate’ derives from the old French ‘pomegrenate’ which derives from the Latin ‘pomum’ (apple) and ‘granatus’ (full of seeds), and so in Italian, ‘melograno’, and in German ‘Granatapfel’. In Ancient Egyptian language we find the following names for ‘pomegranate’: 49 The pomegranate is a citrus fruit belonging to the ‘Lythraceae’ family and it is a native plant from Asia Minor, Persia, and Afghanistan; pomegranate is today widely cultivated throughout the Mediterranean basin, both for the production of fruits and for ornamental purposes. The Phoenicians imported the pomegranate plant from Iran and they were probably the first growers in Carthage, so the Romans believed it originated from this country, and Pliny, presumably misunderstanding its origin, called the plant ‘malum punicum’ i.e. “Cathaginian apple”. It is believed that the word can also derive from the Latin word ‘puniceus’ i.e. “purple, “scarlet”, with allusion to the fruit, flowers, and seeds’ color. 50 Wb. I, p.98 51 Faulkner, p. 24. 52 Klotz (2010: 225) states that the Egyptian word for ‘pomegranate’ is a loan word that corresponds to the Sumerian ‘Nuzinurumu’. 53 Din, Dina M., Sahar Farouk Elkasrawy, 2018 Manchester. - Ezz el ȝȝ m ȝ wnh ỉ ein Obstbaum und dessen Früchte 50 nhmn ỉ P. Anastasi III, 2, 5 Kopt. ϩⲣⲙⲁⲛ : ⲉⲣⲙⲁⲛ : ⲗⲉϩⲙⲉⲛ ‘Granatapfel’ the Arab word for ‘pomegranate’ , )' رُﻣﱠ ﺎن nammur (' derives, from a common Semitic root. tree and fruit (18th Dynasty) 51 nhmn ỉ ỉ nhmny varr P.Ebers 19.19; (18th Dynasty) nhym ȝȝ P. Ebers 16.16; (18th Dynasty) The different writings and spelling found for the words ‘pomegranate’ in the Ancient Egyptian language can be explained by the fact that this word was newly introduced to the Egyptian language. 52 Further variants of writing the word ‘pomegranate’: 53 nh ȝ m ȝȝ Med. P. Berlin 3038, 1- 4; (19th Dynasty) nh ȝ m ȝȝ Med. P. Berlin 3038, 1- 7-1,8; (19th Dynasty) nh ȝ m ȝȝ Gebel el-Silsila Inscription, Ramesse II and Merneptha; (19th Dynasty) nh ȝ m ȝȝ Gebel el-Silsila Inscription, Ramesse II and Merneptha; (19th Dynasty) ỉ wnh ȝ m ȝȝ P. Boulaq 19, 103,1,6,8; (19th Dynasty) ỉ wnm ȝȝ P. Boulaq 19, 103,3; (19th Dynasty) ỉ wnhrrm ȝȝ P. Anastasi IV, 7,5; (19th Dynasty) ỉ wnrhm ȝȝ P.Anastasi IV, 14,5; (19th Dynasty) ỉ wnhr ȝ m ȝȝ P. Anastasi IV, 14,7; (19th Dynasty) ỉ wnrh ȝ m ȝȝ P. Rainer 53,duplicate of P. Anastasi III; (19th Dynasty) ỉ wnh ȝ m ȝȝ P.Chester Beatty V, recto, 8,10; (19th Dynasty) ỉ wnrh ȝ m ȝȝ P.Harris I, 16a, 10; 19b.13; 19b 14; 65b 10; 71b 1; (20th Dynasty) ỉ wnrh ȝ m ȝȝ P. Harris I, 56a, 5; (20th Dynasty)