Global Journal of Human Social Science, D: History, Archaeology and Anthroplogy, Volume 23 Issue 3

(XI century), Rashididdin (XIII-XIV centuries), and Abulgazikhan (XVII century) reported that the Oghuz consisted of 22 or 24 tribes. In the 10th century, the Somanites allowed the Oghuz tribes to live in the Nurota steppe pastures. Later some of the Nurota Tukmans crossed the Amudarya and settled in present-day Turkmenistan. The Oghuz Seljuks, one of the ancient ancestors of the Turkmens, lived in the foothills of the Zarafshan and Nurota mountains. They settled in the VIII-IX centuries. Although the Oghuz Seljuks moved to Khurasan at the beginning of the 11th century, some stayed in the Nurota Togoldi districts and mixed with the Uzbek tribes. In the second half of the 10th century, a group of Oghuz people moved from Syrdarya to other regions of the Nurota and Zarafshan valleys and engaged in cattle breeding. In the 10th and 11th centuries, some Oghuz people moved to a settled life. At the end of the 10th century - the beginning of the 11th century, Seljuk tribes settled in Movarounnahr. While a significant part of the Seljuk tribes was forced to move west, some of them remained in the Syrdarya regions, as well as in Movarounnahr. Some groups of those who went to the West are reported to have returned to their former places of residence. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Turkmens lived in the villages of Sherabad, Kabadion (on the banks of the Amudarya River), in the Kurgantyubinsk region, on the left bank of the Vakhsh, and on the Jhilikol Plateau (now Tajikistan) of the Bukhara Khanate. In the historical and ethnographic literature of Korgontyubinsk, the Turkmen called it "Jilikul." Between 1920 and 1924, the Russian scientist I.I. Zarubin carried out scientific research on elf studies among the Turkmen, and was one of the first researchers to name this ethnos "Nurota Turkmens." The result of long-term interaction between Turkmens and Uzbeks is the Uzbek "tribe" Turkmens, named "Nurota Turkmens" in historical and ethnographic literature. O.A. Gundogdiyev distinguishes the Khorezm, Bukhara, and Nurota groups of Turkmens of Uzbekistan: "The first group is located in a wide area from Aybugir in the north to Zaunguz Karagumi in the south, in the west; West from Ustyurt and Sarikamis to the right bank of Amudarya. The second group - is Bukhara Turkmens - the territory of southern Uzbekistan; the,. The current districts of Surkhandarya and Bukhara regions, the third group - is Nurota Turkmens. Despite being considered Uzbek, they call themselves Turkmen. According to the results of the population census of Samarkand region in 1904-1905, there were 332 men and 225 women in 85 homes in the town of Koshtamgali, Siyob volost, 135 men and 108 women in 36 homes in the town of Turkman-Dovkash, in Angor volost, Zakhlik region, Khishrav Kurgani, in the town of Turkman - 378 men and 303 women in 101 households; in,. In the vicinity of Khavzak, in the town of Chandir - 187 men and 150 women in 50 homes, in the vicinity of Khavzak; in,. In the town of in Parcha-Kora - 187 men and 150 women in 50 homes, in the town of Eshimoqsak, in the town of Koştamgali-bola - 131 men and 105 women in 35 homes, 86 men and 69 women in 23 homes in Turkman-tepa town of Saidon neighborhood, 112 men and 90 women in 30 homes in Aitamgali town of Pilyal neighborhood. According to the research of I.I. Zarubin, according to the nationalities of the population who took part in the survey on January 1, 1916, Turkmens make up a total of 1885 people in Samarkand and Jizzakh districts. According to historical statistics, in the first quarter of the 20th century (until 1925), 30-35 thousand people from Nurota Turkmen lived in the villages between Oktog and Karatog. Uzbek Turkmens of the 20th century lived peacefully in their towns until the middle of the 20th century, and were divided into two significant clan-communal associations, "Six Fathers with Legs" and "Five fathers Mangishlov." According to the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as of January 1, 2017, 192,037 thousand Turkmens live in Uzbekistan, 0.6% of the country's population. If we consider the geography of the Turkmen location by administrative regions of the 1st order, according to the same statistics in 2017, the most significant number of Turkmens was in the Republic of Karakalpakstan - 96,264 people or 5.3% of the total population. 30,628 (1.2) in Surkhandarya, 33,687 (1.1) in Kashkadarya, 11,010 (0.6) in Bukhara region, 9,024 (0.5) in Khorezm region, 3,670 (0.2) in Tashkent 3309 (0.1%) Turkmens lived, Samarkand - 1572 (0.0%), Navoi - 740 (0.1%), Syrdarya - 679 (0.1%), Jizzakh - 442 (0.0%), Fergana - 428 (0.0%), Namangan - 423 (0.0%) and Andijan region - 161 (0.0%). The number of Turkmen in Uzbekistan is constantly increasing due to natural growth. External migration does not significantly affect the dynamics of the number of representatives of the Turkmen ethnic group. Today, representatives of more than 130 nationalities and peoples living in our country, using the equal rights and opportunities provided by the Constitution and laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan, work effectively in various sectors of the economy and social sphere, in the fields of science and culture, contributing to the prosperity of our Motherland and its have been making a worthy contribution to strengthening its independence, increasing the reputation and image of the republic in the international arena. Ethnic diversity not only enriches the culture of Uzbekistan in every way, allows to use the creative potential of representatives of all nationalities, but also serves to develop various relations with foreign © 2023 Global Journals Volume XXIII Issue III Version I 71 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 D History of Location of Turkmans Living in Zarafshan Valley