Global Journal of Human Social Science, E: Economics, Volume 22 Issue 4

objective of improving the quality of reporting data from Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (BRASIL, 2012) and their adaptation consisted of the following methodological approach (Fig.1): Fig. 1: PRISMA Method Adaptation for Systematic Review of the Literature The results are presented in two parts. The first deals with the synthesis of the application of the Prisma method on the Systematic Review of the literature on Family Farming, with notes on the trends and intersections of the two areas. The second, following the same logic, but on Social and Solidarity Economy. Finally, at the intersection of both categories, we present a synthesis of the main points of convergence. III. R esults a) The Family Farming; a systematic review of the literature The influence of social and trade union movements, from the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, transported the demands on Agrarian Reform from a restricted scope of land distribution to a consolidated political agenda uniting agrarian reform policies with those of rural development (Marques, 2007). In this passage from the 20th century to the 21st century, the legitimacy of FF in Brazil was configured in three main points, the first in the political field, the second in the social field and the last in the academy. b) The main debates in the political and social fields of FF in Brazil In the political field, the debate intensifies through the social struggles that invade the political field and guarantee the legitimacy by the State of FF as a synthesis-category of protection of the plurality of social categories in the countryside, against the until then category "small producer", which encompassed self- styled agro-industrial positions within this category (Schneider, 2003). In the social field, PRONAF is legitimized as a response to pressure from rural union movements, which now have defence mechanisms for the establishment of public policies differentiated by the category (Schneider, 2003). At the intersection of the political and social fields, in the last two decades in Brazil, despite the increase in agricultural production accompanied by the increase in family income at all income levels, the income inequality of the rural population is still present and growing (Neves et al., 2020). As of 2015, the dismantling of family farming policies and other policies follows the global tone of weakening democratic institutions (Milhorance et al., 2020). In Brazil, after the consolidation of the guidelines of the National Policy on Family Farming (Law #11,326/2006), PRONAF obtained significant results in promoting FF. However, the income inequality of the rural population is increasing and this trend, even if at a slower rate, also occurs among PRONAF beneficiaries (Neves et al. 2020). c) The construction of the academic field of FF in Brazil and Latin America In the academic sphere, in the last three decades debates on topics such as the labor market, occupational and migratory dynamics, environmental issues and sustainability of local agri-food systems and the rural population have intensified (Schneider, 2003; Souza, Fornazier & Delgrossi, 2020). The practical result of the intensification of the discussion of these themes in the academy is reflected in the role of universities as the main agencies for scientific development and dissemination of social technologies to support farmers and communities (Carvalho & Lago, 2019). In Latin America, this trend in academic production has intensified in the last 5 years (2016- 2020) reflected in the increase in the production of 463 open access articles on the theme of FF, compared to the previous 5 years (2011-2015) which corresponds to a total of 204 articles. Brazil is the protagonist, with 380 of the 463 articles produced. Of the 66 analysis categories related to the articles, 14 of these categories concentrate more than 65% of the articles (303 articles), which shows recent interdisciplinarity while the multiple approaches of FF in the academy. Volume XXII Issue IV Version I 4 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 © 2022 Global Journals E Systematic Review of the Literature on Family Farming and the Social and Solidarity Economy in Brazil and Latin America