Global Journal of Human Social Science, F: Political Science, Volume 22 Issue 5

IV. C onclusion In conclusion, the paper ascertained that armed banditry in Zamfara State was as a result of the quest for economic satisfaction and social empowerment looking at the range of causes of this crime as postulated by Bells’s Queer Ladder theory. This paper has established that the prevalence of cattle rustling and armed banditry in Zamfara State poses a serious threat to public safety and sustainability of national security in the state, region and country at large. This is in view of the destructive impact of such crime on life, livelihood, property, investment, as well as social wellbeing of the state. Thus, cattle rustling and armed banditry in Zamfara State passes for a crucial issue in Nigeria’s national security. To address this problem, a few measures are hereby recommended: V. R ecommendations In a state of uncertainty and unending crises, there are several measures government can adopt to mediate the menace. While the government look at stick and carrot approach as an option, a lot more needs to be done to address the cause root of the crises. In the case of the Zamfara crises critical measures need to be taken. i). Government at all levels should come up with credible and implementable people-oriented policies and programmes to address the basic livelihood problems of poverty, unemployment and the like. ii). New policies on land use need to be initiated to allow for fair access to land by both the farmers and Fulani herders. iii). Government need to immediately discourage mass migration of both the Fulani herders and farmers from their settlement by embarking on massive rehabilitation and reconstruction programmes which would be of immense benefit to the farmers and herders. iv). The government needs to move extra-mile in constructing more road network to link some isolated communities. This would enable both the security agencies and other donor aid agencies in accessing the communities during state of emergency or distribution of relief materials. v). The government also needs to have strong arrangement with the telecommunication outfits in an attempt to provide effective communication network so that people can be able to communicate to the relevant security agencies and government. vi). The government need to allow more roles for the traditional rulers to enable them adequately arrest emergency situations and report to the government for action vii). Government need to extend the provision of social amenities to key rural communities so that people in the rural communities can feel a sense of belonging. R eferences R éférences R eferencias 1. Anka, A. S (2017) Emerging Issues in Zamfara Armed Banditry and Cattle Rustling: Collapse of the Peace Deal and Resurgence of Fresh Violence. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 6 (12) 161-169. 2. Bello S (2017), Cattle Rustling in Zamfara State: A challenge to National Security and Economic Development. 3. CEDDERT, (2018). Economic Impact of Rural Banditry on Dansadau and Birnin Gwari Communities of Zamfara and Kaduna States. Centre for Democratic Development and Training, Zaria Research Report 2018. 4. Daniel B. (1965). The End of Ideology: On the Exhaustions of Political Ideas in the Fifties. Harvard University Press, New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-674- 00426-4(Pbk) 127-150 5. Kiruwa M (2017), National President Miyetti Allah Cattle Breeders Association of Nigeria, Aged 50, Interview Conducted at Fulbe Villa Hotel Gusau, 12th October 2017. 6. Lyman, P.M.G (2007). Organized Crime (4th Ed.) Prentice-Hall: Person Education Inc. 7. Mallory, S. (2007). Theories on the Continued Existence of Organized Crime. Sadbury Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlet Publishers 8. Nwoye, K.O. (2000). Corruption, Leadership and Dialectics of Development in Africa: An Exploratory Perspective . Enugu: Associated Printers and Litho. 9. Okoli, A.C and Okpaleke, F (2014). Banditry and Crisis of public safety in Nigeria: Issues in national security strategies. European Scientific Journal , 10(4), pp. 350-362. 10. International Journal of Liberal Arts and Social Science. (2)3 April, 2014 117 11. Okoli, A.C and Orinya, S (2013). Oil Pipeline Vandalism and Nigeria’s National Security. Global Journal of Human Social Sciences (F: Political Science) , 13 (3:1.0): 7446. 12. Shehu (2017), The Return of Terro Bandits to Zamfara, Others, (Online Version) Daily Trust, retrieved from www.dailytrust.com 13th December 2017 13. Tangaza H. S (2017) BBC Huusa Report on Fresh Armed Banditry Aired on Tuesday 16th July 2014 at 6:30am News. © 2022 Global Journals Volume XXII Issue V Version I 19 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 F An Overview of Armed Banditry in Northern Nigeria: A Case Study of Zamfara State