Global Journal of Human Social Science, F: Political Science, Volume 22 Issue 5

COVID-19 and Human Security: Western Populism, Chinese Strong State and Africa’s Submissive Populace © 2022 Global Journals Volume XXII Issue V Version I 56 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2022 F Mao 2020). The national television and other media outlets consistently updated the citizens on daily infection, recoveries and death statistics update to the citizens. The President of the Republic of Ghana appeared on the national television broadcast every two weeks to address the nation on government’s efforts to curtail the further spread of the Covid-19. Invitation for financial and logistical aids was made by the president and other civil society organisations. II. M ethodology The study was undertaken in the University of Cape Coast, a geographical environment whose population is made up of multinational races- Africans (mostly Ghanaians), Chinese, Americans, Europeans etc. It is a diverse community which embraces multinational races. The University of Cape Coast (UCC) is located in the Cape Coast Metroplis in the Central region of the Republic of Ghana. The UCC started as University College of Cape Coast (UCCC). The idea to establish UCC conceived was by the first president of Ghana, Dr. Kwame Nkrumah and his top officials and associates. He explained to the people of Cape Coast at Victoria Park on November 5, 1960 the unique role that the college would play in national development (UCC, Silver Jubilee Brochure, as cited by Kwarteng, Boadi- Siaw & Dwarko, 2012). The University of Cape Coast was established in October, 1962 as a result of international commission appointed by the Ghana government in December, 1960. The UCCC was formally inaugurated on December 15, 1962, and placed in special relationship with the University of Ghana. Beginning in a few buildings taken over from a Teacher Training College located at the Southern section of the University of Cape Coast. The Government of Ghana, in 1964 assigned to each of the country’s three public universities specific fields of operation, and in line with the emphasis on science education, the UCCC was renamed “The University College of Science Education” with special responsibility of training graduate teachers in Arts and Science for the secondary schools, teacher training colleges, polytechnics and technical institutions in Ghana. In 1966, following the change of government, the College reverted to its original name of the University College of Cape Coast (UCC Annual Publication 2018). In 1970, the College Council recommended to the government to upgrade the College to full university status with power to award its own degrees. Presently, the University has structured its degree programmes by de-coupling the study of professional education courses from the main degree courses. The University is organised into seventeen (17) Faculties/Schools and five (5) colleges. The establishment of the collegiate system in UCC came into force in 1 st August, 2014. The Colleges are: College of Humanities and Legal Studies; College of Education Studies, College of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, and College of Distance Education. Apart from the main stream academic departments, UCC also has directorates, sections and centres for administrative purposes. The population of UCC is made up of staff (lecturers, administrators and other supporting staff) and students. The staff and students population in UCC is about 28,000 people (UCC Students Handbook 2020). Students are made up of about 25,000 and staff are about 3,000. There are three categories of respondents in this current study: Africans (mostly Ghanaians) who are staff and students on UCC campus, Chinese who are staff at the Confucius Institute in UCC and lecturers and students who are foreigners (specifically Americans and Europeans). Ghanaians who are staff and students of UCC form the greater majority (26,000 which is about 92.9 percent) while the rest 2,000 people (both staff and students) constitute about 7.1 percent are foreigners including Chinese, Europeans and Americans. Given that the greater percentage of respondents of the population are Africans (mostly Ghanaians), the study adopts survey to collect data on Africa’s submissive populace in relation to the COVID-19 and Human Security. In view of this, the study adopts administering questionnaire as method of data collection and the instrument involved here is the questionnaire. Again, since the number of Chinese and western participants (staff and students) in UCC form a very small percentage number (less than 100 population), the study purposively interviewed two Chinese and two Euro-Americans to obtain data on China’s strong state and western populism in relation to the COVID-19 and Human Security. In view of this, the study used structured interview guide to obtain data from the Chinese and the Euro-Americans to obtain the above data. Interviewing makes it possible to explain and reframe the questions for a small population and for the purpose of soliciting detailed information as a result of having the benefit to ask probing questions (Mahr 1995). Interviewing as a qualitative research paradigm also involves inductive analysis meaning that critical themes emerge out of the data which required for thematic analysis of the data (Saratakos 2005). Given the heterogeneous nature of the population of UCC and the target group (Africans, Chinese, Euro-Americans etc.), it is not possible to simple randomly select respondents who are Ghanaians or Africans even though they form about 92.9 percent of the total population of UCC. In view of this, a quota of 50 respondents were sampled to obtain data about Africa’s submissive populace in relation to the COVID-19 and Human Security and the instrument used to collect data from these 50 respondents is the questionnaire. Quota