Global Journal of Human Social Science, F: Political Science, Volume 23 Issue 6

sex marriage; on the contrary, the Isidro socio-political movement, taking advantage of the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, rose to they protested against the government in more than 50 cities nationwide in July 2021, becoming the largest protest in Cuba in the past 60 years, causing political instability and adversely affecting the prestige and leadership power of the Communist Party and the State of Cuba). b) Promulgation and implementation of new socio- economic policies The promulgation and implementation of new socio-economic policies is also a fundamental factor, affecting many aspects of Cuba today. As early as April 2011, the 6th Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba drafted and approved the “National Plan for Socio-Economic Development until 2030” . By April 2016, the 7th Congress reviewed and introduced many amendments and supplements. By April 2021, the 8th Congress will continue to edit, update, and complete this plan with 200 appropriate and necessary issues (retaining 17, adding 18, amending 165, and removing 92 issues (My, 2021)), and at the same time passed two critical resolutions: “Updating the conceptualization of the Cuban socialist socio-economic development model” and “Guidelines for updating Cuba's socio- economic model for the period 2021-2026” . In the spirit of the proposed policies, guidelines, programs, and plans, many new socio-economic policies of Cuba are currently being promulgated and implemented, with the primary goals and contents: (1) Ensuring public ownership of primary/essential means of production and consolidating a socio-economic development model that promotes the effective operation of state agencies and the enterprise system, as well as for the increased and effective participation of society in policy-making; (2) Develop production and service provision activities that take full advantage of the country's strengths; (3) Increase efficiency and competitiveness in all economic sectors. Gradually build a more open mechanism and environment for economic sectors. Quickly expand many scopes and fields of activity for the private economic sector (previously, in economics, private individuals were only allowed to participate in 127 fields, but now this has increased to more than 2,000 fields (My, 2021)); (4) Develop production and commercialization of agricultural and fishery products, ensuring self-sufficiency in food; (5) Ensure, protect and prioritize the overall development of strategic industries; (6) Ensure continuity and cohesion in monetary, credit, price, exchange rate and tax policies. Gradually increase national savings and ensure financial investment funds; (7) Focus on prioritizing the implementation of monetary unification measures (from January 1, 2021, eliminating the parallel circulation since 1994 of two currencies - the national peso and the convertible peso, forming a single peso with an exchange rate of 24 pesos = 1 USD). Reform wages and eliminate subsidies for many non-essential products; (8) Quickly eliminate prejudices about foreign investment (FDI). Diversify and expand FDI sources in the medium and long term. Considering FDI as an essential factor in national development; (9) Create conditions to develop and perfect the domestic market. Expand and diversify foreign trade activities and international cooperation; (10) Affirming and emphasizing that the sustainability of socialism can only be successful based on protecting values and improving labor productivity, creating more material wealth associated with public distribution equality, improving people's living standards and quality of life; (11) Ensuring necessary employment sources. Ensuring work is the individual need and perceived goal of each person; (12) Production resources must be evenly distributed geographically; (13) Always ensuring maintain the annual budget for social security at over 50% of GDP (as in 2017, it was 51% of GDP (Anh, 2021)); (14) Affirm, promote and concretize the principles of openness, fairness and equality in social security; (15) Consolidate and develop the achievements of the revolution in health, welfare and social support, education, culture, sports, entertainment, security and citizen protection. c) The expansion and development of human rights and civil rights In modern society, each citizen is like a primary cell of politics. Their role and level of political participation are proportional to the power they are equipped with - both in theory and in practice. Therefore, the affirmation and expansion of human and civil rights in Cuba today have developed the position, organization, and political activities of the people, becoming a vital factor influencing the political system. With the issue of human rights and civil rights, the new Constitution 2019 has removed many restrictions and prohibitions; edit and improve many rights recognized in the old Constitution 1976; at the same time, adding many new rights. Next, the documents of the 8th Party Congress in 2021 and laws (such as the new Election Law in 2019, and the new Family Code in 2022...) have developed, concretized, and put these regulations into practice, typically the following issues: First, recognize private property rights. “Private ownership” is the occupation, use, and disposition of each human being about the means of production, consumption, and living, to meet their material and spiritual needs. Private ownership includes three types: individual ownership, small owner ownership and private capitalist ownership. Previously, in Cuba, only personal ownership was recognized, meaning that private ownership was not recognized (stipulated in Article 21 of the old Constitution 1976). At that time, two types of private ownership, smallholder ownership, and private © 2023 Global Journals Volume XXIII Issue VI Version I 6 Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 ( ) F Cuba - 30 Years of Innovation and Socialist Goals