Global Journal of Human Social Science, F: Political Science, Volume 23 Issue 6

two "Existents" go hand in hand with the second theme central to this group, the defense of individual and civil rights, that is, human, social, and political rights, which are the subject of the secondary aphorizations of historical characters who fall under both the testimonial and sapiential regimes. Therefore, we consider them "characters and sages". We thus find sententious quotations that revolve around Freedom. In this second group, the emotional factor becomes significant as the "sages" reflect on the nature of Freedom and its implications. In these aphorizations, the semiotized emotions are " émotions étayées ". They require collective knowledge, the ability to connect sentences and historical events with experiences, to perceive the complex emotion that each of the aphorizations constructs. Considering all the quotations, we can summarize that the "Sages" portray the concept of Freedom as being associated with exercising human, civil, and political rights. Nonetheless, they also associate liberty with concepts such as responsibility, conscience, moral Dignity, sacrifice, improvement (of one's being and the community), hope (kindness, compassion, commitment, courage), or the association of risk and benefit, rebellion, and affirmation. The "Sages" use opposites to build these emotions when juxtaposing slavery and empire to Freedom, oppression, violence, fear, resignation, and lies to truth or hope to rebellion. They all defend the path of civil resistance and the resource of nonviolent methods to ensure the exercise of rights. Internationally, stand out Václav Hável (20): (24) «Hável defensava que “ cal viure en la veritat ”, en tant que acte de resistència, de rebel·lió contra la mentida de la qual el mateix poder totalitari n’és presoner. Viure en la veritat permet als ciutadans crear una situació que confon tot règim i el fa reaccionar de manera inadequada. Per Havel, el poder que té “ la vida en la veritat ” és el poder d’acabar amb les estructures repressives, és el poder de retrobar la identitat i la dignitat reprimida. I aquest enorme poder rau al sí de cada persona.» (17.11.2019) and Nelson Mandela: (25) «En una carta de la presó estant, Nelson Mandela va escriure: “ Els honors són per a aquells que no abandonen mai la veritat, ni tan sols quan tot sembla fosc i lúgubre, que ho intenten una vegada i una altra, que no es deixen desanimar mai pels insults, ni per les humiliacions, ni tan sols per les derrotes. ”» (04.09.2018) In sum, most aphorizations fall within the testimonia l 17 17 «[…] «mémoriel», où l’aphorisation est portée par une mémoire collective à plus ou moins long terme. Les aphorisations qui en relèvent sont référées à un auteur identifié, inscrits dans un Thésaurus de paroles vouées à la transmission. Ce régime mémoriel peut interpretive framework that circulates in the media, as described by Maingueneau (2013:112): «tend à réduire, voire à annuler, la dimension informationnelle, au profit de l’expression d’une conviction à la face du monde.» Especially in the context of the memorial, historical, and sapiential regime, in which the enunciator is considered a character or sage with historical relevance, in this case, 44 of them. When interpreting secondary aphorizations set in a historical framework, the audience must have an encyclopedic knowledge of the event where the quote is situated. In the sapiential framework, however, the aphorization manifests as a moralistic or hermeneutic frame conceived as the POV of a privileged Subject (Maingueneau 2013:114). Linguistically, we recover memory through the context in which we found the quotation. That is usually done through the use of an indirect style introduced by a dicendi verb (say, defend, write, and others) (24, 25) or the paraphrase of the author-enunciator (25), but also through the enunciative situation. Next, there are the aphorizations that belong to the testimonial interpretative framework of the current regime 18 correspondre à deux grands cadrages: «historique», et «sapiential».» (Maingueneau 2013:113) 18 «[…] c’est-à-dire qu’elles sont interprétables à l’intérieur du vaste interdiscours de «ce qui se dit», de ce qui est susceptible de nourrir les conversations ordinaires, les forums sur Internet ou les débats télévisés à un moment donné.» (Maingueneau 2013:113) , in which the authors are relevant contemporary figures, "Existents," 22 out of a total of 66 authors who talk about what is in the news daily. That is because the author favors historical figures over contemporary ones to highlight similarities between historical events and the current situation. It is worth highlighting the high presence of cultural ephemeris in the sample corpus, as 25 texts refer to cultural ephemeris and actions, including historical dates and commemorations (holidays, defunctions, so on) or celebrations (awards, cultural acts, and others) of authors and historical figures relevant to Catalan society and culture. Of those 25, there are 22 tweets (out of 38), and only four (out of 13) political speeches. The locutor wants to reaffirm the cultural and historical background of his community, the Catalan nation, by evoking these events over time and posting them on the social network Twitter, which allows him to constantly update information and rescue key moments, situations, and personalities from history. The locutor thus uses Twitter as a sociocultural almanac. By recalling ephemerides in quotations, the locutor builds a complex emotion, an identity composed of love, Dignity, and a sense of belonging. Emotions are triggered when interpreting aphorizations, most of them (19 quotations) literary excerpts. These literary pieces, seen as a trigger of emotions, can also be interpreted as " émotions étayées " if we consider the symbolic charge © 2023 Global Journals Volume XXIII Issue VI Version I 24 Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 ( ) F The Discursive Construction of Republicanism through the Quotes of the President of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia after the 2017 Self-Determination Referendum. The Case of President Joaquim Torra I Pla