Global Journal of Human Social Science, F: Political Science, Volume 23 Issue 6

processes in the country of origin; the development of institutional potential of Moldovan communities; the policies of the Republic of Moldova for the consolidation of the Moldovan diaspora. The Moldovan diaspora plays an important role in the origin country's economic and political life. The number of Moldovan citizens abroad that participate in parliamentary and presidential elections in the Republic of Moldova is constantly increasing. Such active inclusion of the Moldovan diaspora into the homeland's political life speaks of its support of Moldova's European vector, its willingness to become an active subject in the process of democratization in the Republic of Moldova. The economic participation of the Moldovan diaspora in the origin country's development amounts primarily to monetary transfers. Investments and development projects could become another, higher level of migrant participation in the country's sustainable development; however they did not yet receive appropriate attention from the Moldovan diaspora. Taking into account the fact that a third of Moldovan migrants are ready to invest in the Moldovan economy, the authorities must create a beneficial investment climate, and develop financial instruments for the attraction of investments. Moldovan diaspora associations are active in the majority of European Union countries. For the most part their activity is directed toward the increase of the diaspora's organization, maintenance of ethno-cultural identity of Moldovan communities abroad, provision of migrants with information and legal support. The sociological survey of 2022-2023 has shown that the overwhelming majority of Moldovan citizens are unfamiliar with the activities of Moldovan diaspora associations. This is the result of both quantitative (small number of organizations) and qualitative (weak organization, location in capitals and big cities, insignificant support) factors. On the other hand, the Moldovan migrants themselves manifest little interest, and do not strive to participate in the activity of these organizations. The policy in the field of diaspora, as a standalone direction of the Republic of Moldova's migration policy, begins to stand out in 2013. The creation of a developed legal and institutional framework allowed the guarantee of the diaspora's rights, the strengthening of the diaspora's trust in the Republic of Moldova's authorities, the mobilization, employment, and recognition of the diaspora's human, social, and financial potential. The results of the empirical research show that a significant portion of Moldovan migrants will not return home. The migrants have socialized and integrated into the host countries; they have good salaries and investments, and have no wish to start over from zero. For this reason, one of the directions of the Moldovan state's policy in the field of migration, diaspora and development should focus on the consolidation of the diaspora, on utilizing its social and financial capital for the sustainable development of the Republic of Moldova. R eferences R éférences R eferencias 1. Baltag, D., Burdelnîi, E. (2022). Mid-term Evaluation Report of the Diaspora-2025 National Strategy, Republic of Moldova, International Centre for Migration Policy Development . https://brd.gov.md. 2. Blouchoutzi, A., Nikas, C. (2014). Emigrants’ remittances and economic growth in small transition economies: The cases of Moldova and Albania. Journal of Economics and Business , Vol. XVII, No 2, 97-117. 3. Bourguignon, F., Levin, V., Rosenblatt, D. (2009). International redistribution of income. World Development, 37 (1), 1-10. 4. Cheianu-Andrei, D. (2013). Mapping of the Moldovan Diaspora in Italy, Portugal, France and the United Kingdom. Chisinau: IOM, 140 p. 5. Cojuhari I. (2018). Means of overcoming the anti- integration potential of diaspora communities in the process of state construction of host countries. In: Diasporas in modern world: context and potential for sustainable development of the country of origin (pp.405-417). OIM (in Russ.) 6. Cotilevici, V. (2018). Moldovan Diaspora in the context of the migration policy of the French Republic. In: Diasporas in modern world: context and potential for sustainable development of the country of origin (pp.418-427). OIM. 7. Dijkzeul, D., Fauser, M. (2020). Studying Diaspora Organizations in International Affairs. Routledge. 8. Dikun, N. А . (2014). Social interaction between host and migrant communities. Current Problems of Modern Times: Science and Society, 2, 52-56. (in Russ.) 9. Donu, V. (2018). Strategii de consolidare a dialogului cu organiza ț iile din diaspora. In: Diasporas in modern world: context and potential for sustainable development of the country of origin (pp.432-442). OIM. 10. Drbohlav, D., Bailey, A., Luptak, M., Cermakova, D. (2017). Migrant values and social remittances across the contemporary migration-development nexus: the case of Moldovans in Czechia. Geografie, 4 (122), 527-553. 11. Ghencea, B., Gudumac I. (2004). Labor Migration and Remittances in the Republic in Moldova. AMF- SOROS. 12. Giuliano, P., Ruiz-Arranz, M. (2009). Remittances, Financial Development, and Growth. J ournal of Development Economics, vol. 90, issue 1, 144-152; 13. Gottschlich P. (2006). Diaporas and Diaporic Communities as New Sources of Power in © 2023 Global Journals Volume XXIII Issue VI Version I 51 Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 ( ) F The Transformation of Moldovan Migrant Communities into the Moldovan Diaspora in the European Union: The Main Directions and Mechanisms