Global Journal of Human Social Science, G: Linguistics and Education, Volume 23 Issue 8

can expand on this study by including a larger and more diverse sample and exploring the long-term effects of CLIL on speaking fluency. In conclusion, this research provides evidence that the implementation of CLIL methodology positively influences the development of speaking fluency among Iranian high school students. By integrating content subjects with language instruction, CLIL offers an effective approach for enhancing students' speaking skills, promoting authentic language use, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities. These findings contribute to the body of knowledge on CLIL and highlight its potential as a pedagogical tool in the context of English language teaching in Iran and beyond. R eferences R éférences R eferencias 1. Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of language learning and teaching. Pearson Education. 2. Celce-Murcia, M. (2003). Teaching English as a second or foreign language. Heinle & Heinle Publishers. 3. Coyle, D., Hood, P., & Marsh, D. (2010). CLIL: Content and language integrated learning. Cambridge University Press. 4. Garcia, O., Flores, N., & Woodley, H. (2020). CLIL and the long-term effects on students' spoken English proficiency. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 23(1), 1-16. 5. Gupta, A. (2011). English as a second language in India: The state of the nation. English Today, 27(2), 3-9. 6. Johnson, E. (2018). Enhancing fluency in second language learners: The impact of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). TESL Canada Journal, 35(1), 16-32. 7. Lee, S. (2021). Promoting spontaneous speaking through Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). Language Teaching Research, 25(1), 81-100. 8. Marsh, D. (2002). CLIL/EMILE-The European dimension: Actions, trends, and foresight potential. European Commission. 9. Martinez, I., & Sanchez, J. M. (2019). Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and its effects on the fluency of young learners of English. International Journal of English Studies, 19(1), 81-97. 10. Pérez-Cañado, M. L., & Lancaster, N. (2017). Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) implementation: An empirical study in the Spanish state education system. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 30(3), 253-269. 11. Richards, J. C., & Renandya, W. A. (2002). Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice. Cambridge University Press. 12. Smith, M., & Brown, H. D. (2019). Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and its influence on English language proficiency: A meta- analysis of empirical studies. Applied Linguistics Review, 10(4), 581-602. 13. Smith, N., & Fortune, L. (2010). CLIL in Europe: Evidence from the content and language integrated learning project. European Commission. 14. Várkuti, A. (2010). CLIL methodologies in Hungary. International CLIL Research Journal, 1(3), 52-60. 15. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press. 16. Warschauer, M., & Healey, D. (1998). Computers and language learning: An overview. Language Teaching, 31(02), 57-71. A ppendix 4 Placement Test (OPT) 1. Hello. My name is [interviewer’s name]. I’d like to ask you some questions. Are you ready? / OK? 2. What’s your name? 3. Can I have your email address? 4. Sorry, can you repeat that, please? / Can you say it again? 5. Do you like [hip-hop/rock/classical/jazz] music? 6. What kind of music do you like? 7. What’s your favorite movie? What’s your favorite TV show? 8. Do you have any brothers or sisters? How old are they? 9. What color is [my shirt, or a nearby classroom object]? 10. What time do you [get up/go to bed/go to work/go to class]? 11. What do you do first in the morning? Then what do you do? 12. What’s your home like? Volume XXIII Issue VIII Version I 98 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 G © 2023 Global Journals Enhancing Speaking Fluency Trough Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL): A Case Study of High School Students in Kerman Province