Global Journal of Human Social Science, G: Linguistics and Education, Volume 23 Issue 8

Between 1965 and 1967 these words, transvestite, and transsexual, disappeared from the media and, when they reappeared, in the late 1960s and early 1970s, they were aligned (and mostly remain) with the discourse of the Cities editorials, which made the coverage of cases of violence, urbanism, environment, public administration, and behavior. During this period, the discourse changed, transvestites and transsexuals began to be associated with some type of violence, public hygiene policies, precarious lives, and being positioned on the margins of collective life, a phenomenon that intensified from the middle to the end of the 1970s. This fact helps to partially confirm the hypothesis established in this study, according to which the discourses produced about these lives significantly impact the process of segregation of the trans universe in the face of the advance of conservative discourses. Already in the early 1980s, a decade marked by the so-called democratic transition, there is a change in editorial due to the visibility of the Roberta Clos e 2 VI. E ditorial P erspective – T ransgender and T ransvestite by E ditorial S ection . Even so, the discourse of marginalization and precariousness reveals even greater strength when it expands, in subsequent years, to newspapers in the interior of the State and to those in the North and Northeast regions. Associated with marginality, transvestites, and transsexuals are present in Folha de S. Paulo to this day. This is, by the way, the highest occurrence found: 37% of the total specified in Data table I , that is, 452 texts identified between 1960 and 2017 are in Cities Editorials. Effect of social polarization, in which what is different belongs to the other, we believe we can confirm the established hypothesis from the fact that the produced speeches follow the sociopolitical logic in force in the period of its transmission, with effect in the creative expression of these subjects that lose space for its criminalization. This issue, by the way, needs to be deepened at a future opportunity, especially to better support the understanding of such a transition. From the survey of the sections in which they are inserted – Classifieds, Cities, Sports, Culture, Interior, Fashion, North and Northeast, and Health –, it is possible to perceive the transition movements and media significance of both words. Thus, we found that in the established time-lapse, transvestites and transsexuals, somehow, are inserted in the pages of the journal in dichotomous logics from those linked to the predominant themes in each of the editorials. 2 Brazilian model and actress who was born intersexual (by genetic tests it was proved that Roberta has mixed biological characteristics). In the Cities section, for example, unlike the police stories that take up several pages, the journalistic texts are smaller and refer to Roberta Close as a transvestite. Although the news belonged to the Culture section, in the early 1980s, criticism was present in the reference to the model and actress, always as an ambiguous, carnival-like person, never as a woman. In other words, by publishing most of the news in this section, as well as in the classifieds, Folha de S. Paulo becomes responsible for the social marginalization of these people, as well as for the rapid association that transvestites and transsexuals are linked to violence and social disorder. About the Classifieds and following the macro analysis of Folha de S. Paulo's discourse, transvestites and transsexuals are inserted with prostitution advertisements from the second half of the 1990s, more specifically from 1996 onwards, with a summit between 1998 and 1999 (more than 18% of the 295 texts identified). Until then, prostitution was only associated with marginality and violence. This logic is modified by the configuration and advancement of the Internet, which impacts the remodeling of the business model, even today. During this period, transvestites and transsexuals appear, for the first time, talking about themselves and by themselves, although, initially, the advertisements were placed in the middle of advertisements for houses, vehicles, careers, and businesses, among others. Returning to Data table I , the logic of prostitution advertisements in classifieds remains the same from 1990 to 2017, with variation only in the number of occurrences, which oscillates between 30 and 40 texts per designated period from the year 2000 onwards. In the spotlight, prostitution in the classifieds shares space with news about transvestites and transsexuals in sport based on the repercussions of the Ronaldinho case (Ronaldo Nazário), in which the soccer player would not have paid for a night with the transvestite Andréa Albertini in 2008. Complementarily, it is relevant to realize that after a decade (1998-2008) without transvestites and transsexuals being mentioned in the editorials related to art and culture, in 2010, from the approach of the work and debates produced by the Brazilian cartoonist Laerte Coutinho. Although Laerte is not a journalist, she uses her art to break with conservative discourses, according to the hypothesis established in this research. Laerte's critical presence, as a representative not only of the readership but also of the publication's producer, creates a microbalance in the discourse between the marginalized, the stereotyped, and the subjects who intend to live a life that breaks with these patterns. Likewise, a few years later, more specifically between 2016 and 2017, transvestites began to be related to Volume XXIII Issue VIII Version I 12 ( ) Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 G © 2023 Global Journals Discursive Walls: Mapping Trans Coverage through Folha de S. Paulo between 1960 and 2017