Global Journal of Human Social Science, G: Linguistics and Education, Volume 25 Issue 3

present in existing literature. This study is not only investigating a critical gap in the application of AI as ChatGPT in Morocco among University students, but it is also providing feasible insights for educational sectors looking to improve its use effectively into their programs. For what has been addressed, this research answers important questions: • RQ1: How do Moroccan university students perceive the utility and credibility of AI tools like ChatGPT in their academic activities? • RQ2: What are the primary concerns and barriers that Moroccan students face when integrating AI technologies like ChatGPT into their learning processes? • RQ3: In what ways do instructors’ AI competencies influence students' attitudes and behavioral intentions towards using ChatGPT? • RQ4: Does religiosity significantly moderate the relationship between attitudes towards using AI tools and the behavioral intentions of Moroccan students? This paper is structured as the following: In Section 2, the paper will introduce the theoretical framework and the foundational principles of the study. Section 3 will focus on discussing the conceptual model and formulating hypotheses. Following that, Section 4 and Section 5 will delve into the research methods employed and the data analysis conducted. Section 6 will serve as the conclusion of the paper, summarizing the key findings and implications of the study. II. T heoretical B ackground a) The Concept of ChatGPT ChatGPT is a new form of artificial intelligence designed to interact with users in a way that feels natural, almost like talking to another person. It learns from a vast amount of data to understand different aspects of human language, such as speech and writing. Božić and Poola (2023) discuss how ChatGPT works and its potential applications in education. Unlike earlier AI models, which could only handle basic conversations, ChatGPT is capable of creating dialogues that seem very realistic (Roumeliotis & Tselikas, 2023). Whether it's providing assistance in customer service or acting as a virtual assistant, ChatGPT aims to offer experiences that closely resemble human interaction, understanding and responding to text in a way that feels human-like. Additionally, ChatGPT is constantly learning and improving. With each interaction, it gets better at understanding language, adapting to changes, and becoming more accurate over time (Haleem, Javaid, & Singh, 2022). By adapting to users needs, ChatGPT ensures its conversations remain relevant and effective. It also adds empathy to its interactions, understanding emotions and context to engage users in friendly, personalized chats. This approach builds trust and connection, changing how we perceive AI from a tool to a companion that actively listens and understands. b) Theoretical Foundation i. The Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) The Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) provides a framework for explaining reasons behind people's choice of specific technologies over others and how they interact with them in action. UTAUT was developed by Venkatesh. It investigates several technological aspects among them social norms/effects, their efficacy and accessibility, and the factors behind promoting its adoption worldwide (Venkatesh et al., 2003). Additionally, this model regards age, gender, technological learning experience, and freedom to use technology. ii. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)elaborate One of the frequently used models to study user acceptance with technology is The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)elaborated by (Davis, 1986). It is based on social psychology theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) by ( Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975). TRA theory indicates attributes that affect people's beliefs and attitudes, which then influence their behavior and aims. In the same way as TAM theory, ( Davis, 1986) elaborates several important aspects consisting of perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), attitude, and intention to use. Among these, PU and PEOU investigate user perceptiveness about technology consumption and how it impacts their attitude, determining whether users will embrace it or reject it. iii. Fraud Triangle Theory Donald Cressey’s Fraud Triangle theory, emphasises a radical structure to comprehend the psychological, social and environmental circumstances that lead individuals to commit fraud. The theory implies three main aspects resulting in fraud behavior: Pressure, Opportunity and Rationalization. In accordance with Cressey ideology, people are motivated to engage in fraudulent activities when they are experiencing either financial or personal pressures. Eventually, pressure motivates individuals to perceive their deceitful actions acceptable when they are given a chance to take advantage of vulnerability or weakness within a strict setting. Students tend to use ChatGPT when they are experiencing overwhelmness and immense pressure to meet up all their multiple academic tasks as deadlines, assignments or projects in a short period of time with limited resources (Devlin & Gray, 2023). This technology helps them manage their workload, save time and quickly generate answers for them. Therefore, the theoretical elements are connected which makes it ChatGPT in Moroccan Education Sector: Examining the Attitude of Student Acceptance and Usage Intent Global Journal of Human-Social Science ( G ) XXV Issue III Version I Year 2025 10 © 2025 Global Journals