Global Journal of Human Social Science, H: Interdisciplinary, Volume 23 Issue 5

© 2023 Global Journals Volume XXIII Issue V Version I Global Journal of Human Social Science - Year 2023 ( ) H 60 Unveiling the Impact of Solid Waste Management on Health and Poverty Alleviation in Dhaka City 2007). Despite these efforts, the city has not seen significant changes or a clean look. Additionally, the indiscriminate littering of city dwellers remains unabated. Collaboration with Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) In 2005, the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) initiated a master plan to enhance Dhaka city's SWM capacity and management skills. The plan aimed to address the lack of regulatory administration and laws for waste management (Dhaka City Corporation & JICA, 2005). Household Waste Management and Collection Systems Ahsan & Zaman (2014) suggest that there have been changes in the household waste management and collection systems in both South and North Dhaka City Corporation, although there is no visible improvement in the appearance of streets and neighbourhoods. Medical Waste Management Dihan et al. (2023) report on Bangladesh's current medical waste management situation, predicting the generation of 50,000 tons of medical waste using an empirical model. Technological Advances and Management Principles Singh et al. (2013) highlight the importance of discussing recent technological advances, management principles, pitfalls, and challenges associated with SWM in urban areas. Proposed Waste Disposal System Vashi & Desai (2018) propose a waste disposal system that incorporates integrated informal recycling, small-scale bio-methanation, Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT), and Refuse-Derived Fuel/Waste-to- Energy (RDF/WTE) technologies. Adoption of the 3R Strategy In 2010, the Department of Environment (DoE) in Bangladesh adopted the 3R strategy (reduce, reuse, recycle) to promote sustainable waste management practices. The 3Rs play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transforming waste into valuable resources. Construction of Waste Management Plants The DoE launched a program to construct two waste management plants—one in Matuail (Dhaka South City Corporation) and another in Amin Bazar (Dhaka North City Corporation). These plants aim to produce compost fertilizer from solid waste collected in different parts of Dhaka, with a daily production capacity of 20 tonnes per plant (Yousuf & Reza, 2013). Establishment of Secondary Transfer Stations (STS) The construction of 52 STSs in Dhaka North City Corporation has helped in removing large quantities of waste containers from roads, thereby improving traffic conditions. However, progress in the construction of STSs in Dhaka South City Corporation has been slow, with only 12 of the planned 45 completed (Saqib, M. 2018). Coordination of Primary Waste Collection The Primary Waste Collection Service Provider (PWCSP), an NGO, coordinates the collection of waste from households to the STS. In 2016-17, 340 private operators were registered with PWCSP, but there are also unregistered operators involved in waste collection (Prodhan, & Kaeserb, 2019). Review of Progress and Future Outlook An overview of progress towards the implementation of solid waste management policies in Dhaka indicates that a modern and environmentally friendly approach is needed. The current waste management practices pose health and livelihood risks. The success of the waste-to-energy project and adherence to the master plan will determine the future of waste management in Dhaka (Jerin et al., 2022). The developments in SWM in Dhaka, including compost production, construction of STS, and coordination of waste collection, reflect efforts to improve waste management practices (Kabir, 2015). However, the waste management situation in Dhaka requires a more modern and environmentally friendly approach to address the existing challenges effectively. Solid waste mismanagement is a global problem with far-reaching consequences for environmental pollution, social inclusion and economic sustainability, especially in developing countries, and Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is one of them. Dhaka City Corporation is facing serious challenges in providing a satisfactory service to city dwellers due to limited resources and poor management plans, highlighting the need for more comprehensive and sustained efforts to improve waste management practices in the city (Ahsan, et al., 2014). Insufficient waste management practices pose significant threats to both the environment and the well- being of Dhaka's residents (Haque & Alam, 2012). Hence, it is essential to increase investment in education and training for waste management professionals, infrastructural development, awareness campaigns, and resources to support sustainable waste management practices (World Bank, 2011). This paper highlights the urgent need for innovative approaches, increased awareness, and targeted policies to address the challenges of solid waste management in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Furthermore, this study provides insights into the challenges and implications of solid waste management in Dhaka. It emphasizes the need for comprehensive strategies involving awareness and education initiatives, policy interventions, and