Global Journal of Management and Business Research, A: Administration and Management, Volume 22 Issue 4

Table 10: Mean score and standard deviation of principals’ attitude towards guidance and counselling by age. N=80 Principals Age category N Mean SD 35-40 15 3.80 .447 41-45 44 3.95 .242 46-50 10 3.94 .208 Over 50 11 4.00 .000 Total 80 3.94 .23 As table 25 above indicates, the mean score for the respondents increases as their age increases. For example, principals of age category 35-40 years have a mean score of 3.80 which is the lowest, while principals of over 50 years of age have a mean score of 4.000 which is the highest. However, principals of various age groups indicated a positive attitude towards guidance and counselling in that their mean score showed that they were in agreement with the attitude items set. b) Hypothesis 1c HO: There is no significant difference between principals’ attitude towards guidance and counselling and their teaching experience. H1: Principals’ teaching experience does influence principals’ attitude towards guidance and counselling and maintenance of discipline. Table 26 shows analysis of variance for principals’ attitude towards guidance and counselling and maintenance of discipline. Table 11: Analysis of variance for principals’ attitude towards guidance and counselling and their teaching experience N=80 Principals Source of variation DF Sum of squares Mean of squares F-ratio F-Prob’ Between groups 15 .2872 .0574 1.018 .4178 Within groups 65 2.5364 .0564 Total 80 2.8235 Critical value = 3.25 In table 11 above, the computed F-ratio of 1.018 was smaller than the critical value of 3.24; the null hypothesis was thus accepted. This indicated that there was no significant difference in principals’ attitude towards guidance and counselling influenced by their teaching experience. Any difference is due to chance and therefore not significant. The null hypothesis tested stated that there was no significant difference between principals’ attitudes towards guidance and counselling and their teaching experience. The alternative hypothesis which stated that principals’ teaching experience influenced their attitude towards guidance and counselling was therefore rejected. In table 12, the mean score and standard deviation of principals’ attitudes towards guidance and counselling is presented: Table 12: The mean score and standard deviation of principal’s attitude towards guidance and counselling by their teaching experience N=80 Principals Teaching experience N Mean SD 1-5 2 4.000 .000 6-10 20 3.81 .404 11-15 15 4.00 .000 16-20 30 4.00 .000 21-25 6 3.90 .316 Over 25 7 4.00 .000 Total 80 3.94 .237 Principals’ Attitudes on Guidance and Counselling Services and Maintenance of Discipline in Secondary Schools of Nyamira County, Kenya 26 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XXII Issue IV Version I Year 2022 ( ) A © 2022 Global Journals