Global Journal of Management and Business Research, A: Administration and Management, Volume 22 Issue 5

used in explaining relationship between work and the life outside work. The segmentation model assumes that work and non-work are two different areas of life. They live separately and do not affect each other. This seems as a theoretical possibility than as a model supported by experience. In contrast, the spillover model assumes that one world can have a positive or negative impact on another world. Of course, there is extensive research to support this, but as a proposition, it is specified in such a general way that it has little value. The third model is the compensation model, it proposes that what could be lacking in the need or satisfaction in one area can be compensated in another area. As an example, work could be routine and less demanding, but this is offset by the important role of community activities outside of work. The fourth model is a tool model in which activities in one field promote success in another field. The traditional example is instrumental workers, who seek to maximize their income, even at the expense of daily work and long hours, in order to buy houses or cars for young families. The last model is a conflict model. It proposes that there are high-level needs in all areas of life. Some difficult decisions must be made, some conflicts will occur, and individuals may bear some serious burdens. (Zedeck, S., & Mosier, K, 1990) e) Relationship between Stress and Work-life balance Banking sector is one of the highest stress creating sectors amongst the female workers (Nazrul Islam; Ekhtear Ahmed Zeesan; Debanik Chakraborty; Nowshin Nower, 2019). Stress is known as one of the main factors affecting work-life balance and leads to various physical and mental issues by affecting employee productivity. (I, 2012) Stress and work life imbalance is interconnected. Amongst role conflicts, personal attributes and ambiguity there were positive correlation found with symptoms of psychological distress (Rosemary Krawczyk, Jon Kalinowski, 2009). The more the conflict in work and family, there’s more chances of women feeling emotionally exhausted and less committed and they are more likely to consider quitting jobs or opting out due to the pressure they feel. Women suffer mainly three types of stress gender pressure, societal pressures and professional pressures (Shalini Gupta, 2012). The anxiety and fear regarding this new disease and situations created due to covid-19 can be too much, and due to that the additional workplace related stress can cause burnout . The way of coping with these emotions and stress can have an effect on the well- being of the employees and also the well-being of the people they care about, their workplace, and as well as their community. During this pandemic, it is important to acknowledge what stress is like and to work on taking necessary steps to build their adaptability and manage those stress and to know where to go if they need help need help. Gender differences in care giving responsibilities may not be easily resolved in the short term. A recent report by UN Women warned that violence against people at the front line of care can increase, especially when family members face the pressure of illness and the potential loss of lives and livelihoods. UN Women's message emphasizes the vulnerability of women and girls, as they can bear the brunt of stress. (Amin, 2020) Due to this unprecedented pandemic situation the women working in banks are going through a lot of pressure which is resulting in stress. Stress, has been regarded as a response to some unexpected event like this pandemic, a stimulus, and a transaction which occurs due to facing a situation they haven’t faced before. How someone sees and handles stressactually defines his or her responses, how he/she adapts and copes. f) Stress as a Response Stress as a response model was first introduced by Hans Selye (1956), in which stress was described as a physiological response mode and captured in his General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model. In this model, stress is described as a dependent variable, which includes three concepts: stress is a defense mechanism, and stress follows three stages of alarm, resistance, and failure. If the stress is prolonged or severe, it may cause adaptation disorders and even death. Subsequently, depending on the cognitive interpretation of physical symptoms or physical experience, the stress response may lead to positive or negative results. (Figure 16.3, “The General Adaptation to Stress Model “). In this way, stress could be experienced as eustress (positive) or distress (negative). (Selye, 1983) Figure 2 An Exploratory study on the Challenges Confronted by the Female Corporate Professionals Working in Banks to Maintain Balance in Work-Life during Pandemic 68 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XXII Issue V Version I Year 2022 ( ) A © 2022 Global Journals