Global Journal of Management and Business Research, B: Economics and Commerce, Volume 20 Issue 1

b. The Armed Forces, The Police, Other Security agencies e.g. Para-Military organizations. c. The Parastatals or Public Enterprises. a) Meaning of Public Service The Pubic Service as is contained in section 277 (91) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria of 1979 now section 169 of the 1999 Constitution as incorporating the civil service (Ministerial departments), statutory corporations or parastatals, judiciary, legislature, educational institutions, financially wholly or principally owned by government at the Local, State and Federal levels, The Nigeria Police, the Armed Forces and other organizations in which the Federal or state or local governments owned controlling share(s) or vested interest. The meaning of the concept of Public or Civil Service as established by the Nigerian Constitution is as provided in Sections 171, 172, 206, 208 and 318 and in spelt out under section 10 of the Third Schedule of the 1999 Constitution, as amended. The government’s bureaucracy in Nigeria is public service. The government at whatever level pronounces and implements the policies, programs and projects of the nation through the instrumentally of the public service that is service oriented in nature. b) Meaning of Civil Service The Civil service is an organ the State or Federal government created to ensure that policies and programs of any government at any particular time are carried out as enshrined in the constitution or Act that created it. The Civil Service the main organ of Government subsists having perpetual life and nature of existence irrespective of the changing of constitutionally elected governments; which has been saddled with specific functions or peculiarities or inclinations of that government. The Civil Service is known as: a) Non - partisan to enable it to serve any government of the day. b) Must be made up of experienced men and women with technical and professional expertise know to enable it to implement government policies and programmes. c) Orderliness and ensuring that orderly administration of the country is without stoppage, and rather continuous. d) Indispensable continues the traditional role of keeping the functions of government running no matter what changes occurs in the administration of the country. e) Operating under rules called the Civil Service Rules and Regulations which guide its conduct. f) An entity which operates in hives of activities, divided between Ministers and Departments each having its own set of functions and goals. c) Meaning of Parastatals or Public Enterprises Parastatals are the operational arm of government ministers; that are established to provide services to the populace. The scopes of the services they provide are usually sufficiently complex to warrant their establishment as separate bodies outside the normal operations of government departments. The laws setting them up to do not only allow considerable flexibility as against the rigid demands of the Civil Service for a high degree of accountability but also guarantee some measure of autonomy. This autonomy is subject to government general direction of their operations to ensure the achievements of the desired objective without sacrificing accountability. d) Meaning of Code of Conduct A code of conduct is a set of rules outlining the responsibilities of, or proper practices for, an individual, party or organization which concepts include ethical, honour and moral codes, as well as religious laws as explained by section 98(1) of the Criminal Code, The Laws of the Federation of Nigeria and Lagos, 1958. The International Federation of Accountants provides a working definition of code of conduct as, ‘principles, values, standards, or rules of behaviour that guide the decisions, procedures and systems of an organization in a way that (a) contributes to the welfare of its key stakeholders, and (b) respects the rights of all constituents affected by its operations’. III. F unctions of P ublic S ervice The public service (Ministers, Department and Agencies) has always been the tool available to the Nigeria government for the implementation of development goals and objective. The Public Service is a responsible organ for the creation of an appropriate conducive environment in which all sectors of the economy can operate maximally. Under the New Public Management, the public service is expected to play a catalytic role in the economic sector by providing the enabling policies for all the sectors of the economy; and whose functions include: 1. Implementing and enforcing economic, political and social policies of the current Government. 2. Designing and implementing public service. 3. Raising revenue for the government. 4. Ensuring managerial, political and financial accountability. 5. Serving people. 6. Monitoring and evaluating the performance of organizations (Public, private or non-Governmental) that is rendering service on behalf of the government. Constructive Trust: The only True Potent Weapon to Fight Corruption Among Public Officers In Nigeria © 20 20 Global Journals 38 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XX Issue I Version I Year 2020 ( ) B 7. Driving all development initiatives. 8. Delivering quality public service (such as education, electricity, water and transportation).