Global Journal of Management and Business Research, F: Real Estate, Event and Tourism Management, Volume 22 Issue 3

terms of tourists’ arrival due to the lack of activities in some of its well-known tourist destinations. Because of this, a convergence effort of stakeholders is seen to form a strong foundation to continuously boost the economic growth of the area, make the tourism industry more vibrant, and promote awareness of more products and services that agriculture and tourism could offer. Furthermore, an established governance framework can help encourage more farmers in making their farms a hub for learning and receiving tourists from different places. Therefore, to attain all of these, it is helpful to describe the state of farm tourism industry in Camarines Sur, examine the relationship of its stakeholders, and determine the governance framework that will harmonize the actors, so that the industry will be developed, thereby, serve as an engine of sustainable and a more inclusive form of development. II. L iterature R eview a) Farm Tourism as an Engine of Sustainable Development Although there are different forms of tourism, Nagar (2013) accounted in his study that tourists are looking for a balance between tourism, nature and culture, conservation and development in every place they visit. In the 1990s there has been a growth of new types of tourists in rural spaces, with behavior patterns clearly different from the homecoming motivation of traditional rural tourism (Brown & Hall, 2000, Perales, 2002). This paves the opportunity for developing non- traditional tourist destination, such as the countryside tourism. This shows that tourists visit destination not only for recreation but for a more meaningful cause. Nowadays, tourists are more attracted to go rural which is developed at a smaller scale than mass tourism. Also, tourist’s inclination towards novelty, culture, history, adventure, heritage and interaction with local people, urge policy makers to develop rural tourism, a new trend in tourism which satisfies the current needs of tourists that are unhappy with mass tourism. It constitutes an alternative to traditional mass tourism. Hence, the emergence of farm tourism. Farm tourism as a form of rural tourism is considered as a mechanism for inclusive and sustainable development through capacity development and technology transfer. Lack (1995) cited that in these parts of the world, farm tourism is viewed as a legitimate way to enhance farm income thus contribute to the stability of rural areas (Agricultural Land Commission, 1997). Morais et.al, in his study concluded that farmers and residents of North Carolina recognize that farm tourism is important for delivering an array of socio- cultural, environmental, and economic benefits to society. The widespread recognition of farm tourism as an educational tool and a way to preserve rural heritage (i.e., by educating the public about agriculture, preserving farmland, and sharing rural heritage and lifestyles) suggests that farm tourism farmers and promoters (e.g., local development agencies) need to capture those benefits in their advertisements to further promote the industry. Dabphet (2006), stated that many researchers involved in the study of tourism have suggested sustainability as conceptually important. Some researchers (Archer & Cooper, 1998; Ham & Weiler, 2002) have attempted to concentrate on the relationship between economics and the environment. Alternately, Butler through broadly (1999b) defined the concept of sustainable tourism development within three areas of sustainable development (environmental, socio-cultural, economic) and associated it with the idea of carrying capacity. Lane (1994, p.102) suggested that sustainable tourism should aim ‘to minimize environmental and cultural damage, optimize visitor satisfaction, and maximize long-term economic growth for the region’. These ideas gave rise to the emergence of several research studies in sustainable tourism, and farm tourism in particular. Schmitz, et.al (2013)conducted a study on the position of farm tourism in Walloon Tourist Market. He emphasized that there is a future in the farm tourism industry if the link to agricultural activities is maintained. Which means, that there should be greater participation from the farmers and the host community. b) Farm Tourism and Stakeholders Nagar’s (2013) study, emphasized that identification of stakeholders’ involvement in destination tourism planning and development, as well as the factors that might influence their level of involvement, are not only important for tourism destination planners, but also the host community’s support for destination tourism development and competitive strategies. Similarly, in the case of farm tourism development, the role of stakeholders such as regulators, technology provider, communities, and owner-operators are very important. Their interrelationship will determine the positive and negative effects of farm tourism operations to participants. Likewise, it will also pave way to promote the industry. Section 11 of the Republic Act 10816 (RA10816) known as an ‘Act Providing for the Development and Promotion of Farm Tourism in the Philippines’ indicates the different bodies that should initiate and be involved in the promotion of farm tourism in the country. This includes the roles of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Agricultural Training Institute (ATI), Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), and other agencies. Additionally, section 4 of RA 10816 cites that the Farm Tourism Strategic Action Plan in consonance with the National Tourism Development Plan shall likewise define the roles and responsibilities of national Governance Framework for Farm Tourism in Camarines Sur, Philippines 16 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XXII Issue III Version I Year 2022 ( ) F © 2022 Global Journals