Global Journal of Management and Business Research, G: Interdisciplinary, Volume 23 Issue 1

the latter two. This Central American migration was possible due to the lack of any type of customs supervision in the borders with these countries. Therefore, entry into Mexico through Chiapas represented no problem since there was no migratory/customs supervision or control programs on the part of federal institutions (Castillo, 2001:4). According to the State Population Council COESPO, 2010) in 2010, the population in Yucatan was 1,955,577. In 2015, it increased to 2,097,175, according to the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI, 2015) and by 2019, it was predicted that the population would rise to 2,233,866 (INEGI forecast). There is evidence of international and statewide migratory flows that favor continuous state growth, into geographical areas that are generally infused with extreme social insecurity (Pech, 2011: 180- 182). Since 2020, the southeast region, including Yucatan has been known for its potential development through investment in real estate and modern land and flight transportation routes to take advantage of regional resources and modern infrastructure, with universities intervening in the process of territorial planning. However, the take-off toward equality in terms of employment and elimination of poverty is still far from coming true. There is social welfare in the state capital and among the majority of indigenous communities, thanks to the recognized and demonstrated professional ethics of the State Secretary for Public Security, Mr. Felipe Saiden Ojeda, who is responsible for ensuring peace in Yucatan. It is of utmost importance to present the results of the first study on secondary school migrant student inflows, conducted during the 2006-2007 school year to understand this phenomenon. The first study was done among 102,611 students from 186 secondary level private, state, technical, and distance-learning schools in the three largest municipalities of Yucatan, namely, Merida, Valladolid and Tizimin. From this group, we obtained a sample of 7,222 migrant students in 78 secondary schools from all modalities, following stratified sampling with a 1% proportional distribution rate, and a 1% precision rate of 99%. This sample yielded a total distribution of 1,400 school migrants and the results appear in Table 1 below. Table 1: Quantitative Result of School Migrants from the First Study School sample 78 Student sample 7,222 School migrants Total Male Female Percentage Inter-state 728 331 397 52% Inter-municipal 644 310 334 46% International 28 13 15 2% Total 1,400 654 746 100% Source: Prepared by the Author from Research Data. As we can see, 27 of the 32 states presented migration to Yucatan, with 21 of these being higher education students, out of 728 students in all. Of the 106 municipalities, 73 presented migration by 644 students to the three most attractive areas of the state, particularly to Merida. Yucatan presented a migration of 20 higher education students, out of 28 students that migrated from Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, the United States, France, Honduras, Peru, and Switzerland. In the second study done during the 2010-2011 school year, the sample consisted of 2, 541 students in 26 schools in Merida, including nine federal secondary- level schools, six state secondary-level schools, nine distance-learning schools, and two private schools. The results obtained appear in Table 2, below. Table 2: A Second Study on School Migrants School sample 26 Student sample 2,541 School migrants Total Male Female Percentage Inter-state 187 101 86 57% Inter-municipal 121 70 51 37% International 21 12 9 6% Total 329 183 146 100% Source: Prepared by the Author from Research Results. Interstate migration. Yucatan is not included among the 32 states of Mexico because it is a recipient state. However, 187 students from 22 states migrated to the Yucatan peninsula, and out of those, adolescent students from as early as primary school corresponded to 10 states. As was the case with the first study, the state of Quintana Roo is the most important provider of migrant students, followed by Mexico City. It is also important to mention that, similarly to the first study, inter-state adolescent migrants came from developmental hubs with an intense economic activity, expected to ensure welfare for the communities. 16 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XXIII Issue I Version I Year 2023 ( )G © 2023 Global Journals Mass Migration of Students: Analysis of the Geopolitical and Social Contexts of Origins