Global Journal of Medical Research, F: Diseases, Volume 22 Issue 6

Features of the Clinical Course of Urinary Stone Disease in the Farming Population Mamasaliev N.S. α , Abdurakhmonov B.M. σ & Qurbonova R.R. ρ Abstract- In the climatic conditions of the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan, 2478 people aged 18-70 engaged in farming were studied in a one-time epidemiological study. Questionnaire, clinical, biochemical, instrumental and special urological examination methods were used. The clinical symptoms of urolithiasis are determined to have a number of specific features, including risk factors and comorbidity. Severe urolithiasis and exacerbation of symptoms are observed in patients with a risk factor of 12.8 times, and in the presence of comorbidity - up to 45.7%. Keywords: farmer population, urolithiasis, clinical course, risk factors, epidemiology, comorbidity. I. I ntroduction he study of methods of early diagnosis, rates of spread and clinical features of urolithiasis in epidemiological research will help to develop guidelines for the prevention and treatment of the disease in different regions and groups, to reduce disability and mortality, socio-economic losses. Analysis of available scientific sources confirms these ideas and testifies that this disease is one of the most common diseases [1,2,3]. Another conclusion from the research is that in urolithiasis-related treatment and prophylaxis programs and scientific directions, high-tech-based activities and practices are given more prominence than screening approaches. Based on them, most of the conclusions and recommendations are in the form of “sessile” medical guidelines. In other systemic diseases, it began to develop the opposite, and thus, it was proved that significant and guaranteed positive results could be obtained [4, 5, 6, 7]. It has been proven by many researchers that the foremost effective method in large- scale examinations among the population living in different regions and conditions is to rescue patients from urinary stones and then carry out active prophylaxis [8, 9, 10]. Such scientific and practical activity allows to effectively prevent a large number of complications and recurrent course of urolithiasis [11, 12]. The aim of the study was to study and evaluate the clinical features of urinary stone disease in the farming population in the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan. Author α σ ρ : Andijan State Medical Institute, Andijan, Uzbekistan. e-mail: author.uzb@mail.ru In the Pakhtaabad climatic zone of the Fergana Valley, 2,478 ≤17-year-olds and ≥18-70-year-old farmers were involved in a one-time epidemiological study and were fully screened. Questionnaire, clinical, biochemical, instrumental and special urological examinations were used in the screening. The questionnaire used was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Ministry of Health of Uzbekistan and approved for use in epidemiological surveys (Kayumov UK, 2020). It provides an opportunity to make a complete epidemiological diagnosis of non- communicable diseases, in particular, urolithiasis and its risk factors (XO). Ultrasound examinations for the detection of urolithiasis at the prenosological and nosological stages in Toshiba-SAL-32V, ultrasound scanning of urinary tract organs in the SAL-50 ultrasound scanner of the Japanese company “Aloka”, 12 connections in ECG mode using electrography “6-NEK”, Exo-KG and chest radiography and anthropometric measurements (according to the formula Kettle index = body weight (kg)/height (m 2 )). In the examined population, general analysis of blood and urine, and biochemical parameters were analyzed and studied. Their examination (indicators of total cholesterol, triglycerides, glycemia, uricemia, water-salt and mineral metabolism/blood electrolytes in the blood plasma, indicators of protein metabolism) was carried out using traditional methods widely used in treatment and prevention facilities. Based on international clinical and epidemiological recommendations, urolithiasis risk factors, general urinalysis, and sediment microscopy were studied, evaluated, and used as diagnostic criteria [13]. The following were accepted as the basic diagnostic criteria for urolithiasis or urolithiasis diagnosis was made when they were available [UAE, 2014; Yuldashev F.Yu., 1994]: − Kidney and urinary tract stones diagnosed by Ultrasound method in the kidneys and upper urinary tract; − Anamnestic data; − Renal succulent detection detected by Ultrasound, salt crystals located in the cavities of the pelvic T 11 Year 2022 Global Journal of Medical Research Volume XXII Issue VI Version I ( D ) F © 2022 Global Journals system, and again, salt crystals (SC) found in urine microscopy. II. R esearch M aterial and M ethods