Global Journal of Medical Research, F: Diseases, Volume 23 Issue 2

associated with the severity and intensity of self-care tasks, the interference of these tasks in daily life, fear of complications and symptoms of hyperglycemia that can affect psychosocial and occupational functioning (Rubin, 2000; Craig, et al., 2020; Jones, Roche & Appel 2009). Therefore, it is possible that, once the disease has been identified, the patients experience certain impediments in complying with the medical prescriptions, which are almost always associated with the lack of education and with skills in the management of the pathology. According to what has been pointed out by various researchers, variables related to the complexity of the treatment (because it is clear that long periods of time to recover from this condition), together with the lack of visible immediate reinforcements, (because the effects of prevention will really be seen in the long term), can make the diagnosis of GDM and its condition a heavy burden for patients (Gatchel, Oordt & Oordt, 2003; Sacks 2014). Several authors affirm that the lack of effective communication with the health professionals and the costs to be incurred by patients and their families to deal with the problem also hinder the success of medical interventions (Lakshmi et al., 2018). It is important to mention that not all pregnant women have the same risk of GDM. The evidence shows that there are some factors that lead and can produce it, such as high levels of blood glucose, family history of diabetes, overweight before pregnancy or weight gain during this period, present syndrome of polycystic ovary, excessive amniotic fluid, unexplained miscarriage or stillbirth, high blood pressure, lead a sedentary lifestyle, be over 25 when you get pregnant, and having had a previous diagnosis of diabetes (ADA, 2011; Cartin, 2011). Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of the psychoeducation of these women so that they can acquire habits and lifestyles. such as eating healthy foods, reducing fat, reduce sugar intake, avoid drug and alcohol use, exercise regularly, sufficient and adequate controls doctors, and even understand some references of the complications that can happen in pregnancy, including the presence of GDM. It is opportune to have information that lets the woman know that she is condition is a public health problem of great relevance and that, if not If treated quickly, it can cause various alterations to the mother and the baby. Delving into the psychological dimension that has been considered in paragraphs previous ones, it could be said that the literature and the evidence scientific report in relation to GDM. For example, various authors recorded the appearance of depressive symptoms during and after this type of diagnosis (Antos, Nowak, & Olszewski, 2013; Díaz, et al., 2013; Dame, et al., 2017). But in the same way there is evidence related to the presence of anxiety, stress, low self-esteem, feelings of guilt, difficulties in feeding, insomnia (Tellería, 2014; Hinkle, et al., 2016). I also know have pointed out alterations or dysfunctionalities in the social plane such as isolation, decreased communication with friends and family, difficulties with the couple, decreased function and sexual appetite, among others. As has been seen, a significant number of investigations have been carried out on this topic that can be framed within the psychosocial perspective of GDM. Particularly in the systematic review carried out by Devsam, Bogossian & Peacock, (2013), in which 19 studies were identified who met the inclusion criteria. Three fundamental categories stand out in this work: a) reaction initial diagnosis, in which negative thoughts are observed, feelings of loss of control, identity changes and adaptation the changes; b) concern approach, in which there is evidence of concerns about the health of the baby and the perceived severity of the DMG. Finally, category c) influencing factors is recorded, which includes cultural roles and beliefs, social stigmas, social support, support professional, adequate and appropriate information, social roles and barriers for self-care. In any case, the results of this systematic review highlight the importance of the psychosocial considerations presents in this type of patients, among which we can mention: the psychological impact of the diagnosis, the importance of overcoming anxiety and stress to achieve better adherence to treatment, the necessary adaptation in the patient's relationship with family and health personnel, need to reduce the negative charge, both cognitively and affective, that have people who have been diagnosed with GDM, among other. Of all these psychosocial considerations, one in particular has generated the interest of this investigative group that are the beliefs and attitudes of women diagnosed with GDM. And that is, if it can be found a dimension that leads to generate some kind of model to help the women with GDM, it would be represented by the set of cognitions, attitudes and representations that at one moment a woman has to whom diagnosis was made during pregnancy. Around this theme there are important approximations, such as the research developed by Chávez-Courtois, et al., (2013), in which it is observed how the cognitive structure of women with GDM presents symptoms such as confusion; despair and recurring ideas; records of thoughts of the type: “my son is going to come with malformations”, “I am going to die”, “my son is not going to come into the world”, “this pathology is irreversible”, “why did it happen to me”. 38 Year 2023 Global Journal of Medical Research Volume XXIII Issue II Version I ( D ) F © 2023 Global Journals Beliefs and Attitudes in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. A Systematic Review