Global Journal of Medical Research, F: Diseases, Volume 23 Issue 2

Table 5: Percentage of Normal Body Mass Index (BMI) that had reduction in HbA1c to <6.5% within the Standard of Care (Control) and Intervention groups after a period of six months Group All participants n (%) BMI Change n (%) Fishers exact p Initial 3 Months 6 Months Control 30 (100.0) 0.025 µ* Ideal (BMI) 12/30 (40.0) 15/30 (50.0) 17/30 (56.7) (HbA1c <6.5%)Remission 0 (0) 3/15 (20.0) 3/17 (17.6) Intervention 30 (100.0) Ideal BMI 11/30 (36.7) 16/30 (53.3) 23/30 (76.7) (HbA1c<6.5%)Remission 2/11 (18.18) 9/16 (56.25) 14/23 (60.87) *Statistically Significant at P ≤ 0.05; µ=Fisher’s exact p (recommended where cell values are <5) e) Assessing the effect of Individual on the FBS level of T2DM patients while controlling for the influence of standard of care The analysis of covariance was conducted to investigate the effect of Intervention group on the fasting blood sugar (FBS) level of T2DM patients over a period of six months while controlling for the influence of standard of care. ANCOVA results, presented in Table 6 show a significant difference in mean FBS level amongst treatment groups [ F (2, 86) = 6.790, p < .01, partial ⴄ 2 = .136]. However, the calculated effect size indicates a small proportion of variance accounted for about 13.6% change in the FBS level of the treatment group. Table 6: ANCOVA Summary of the effect of Intervention on FBS level of T2DM patients Parameter Effect of Intervention on the FBS level F P-value Effect Size ⴄ 2 Initial Visit 3 Months 6 Months Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD FBS Intervention 7.94 ± 1.97 6.42 ± 1.95 5.36 ± 1.94 6.790 0.002* 0.136 *Statistically Significant at P ≤ 0.05 f) Assessing the effect of Intervention on the BMI level of T2DM patients while controlling for the influence of standard of care The analysis of covariance was conducted to investigate the effect of MNT therapy on the Body Mass Index (BMI) of T2DM patients over a period of six months while controlling for the influence of standard of care. ANCOVA results, presented in Table 7, show a significant difference in mean FBS level amongst treatment groups [ F (2, 86) = 8.333, p < .01, partial ⴄ 2 = .162]. However, the calculated effect size indicates a small proportion of variance which accounted for about 16.2% change in the BMI of the treatment group. Table 7: ANCOVA Summary of the effect of Intervention on BMI of T2DM patients Parameter Effect of Intervention on the BMI Control F P-value Effect Size ⴄ 2 Initial Visit 3 Months 6 Months Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD BMI Intervention Group 26.76 ± 2.74 24.92 ± 2.73 22.77 ± 2.74 8.333 0.001* 0.162 *Statistically Significant at P ≤ 0.05 g) Assessing the effect of Intervention on the Waist circumference of T2DM patients while controlling for the influence of standard of care The analysis of covariance was conducted to investigate the effect of Intervention on the waist circumference of T2DM patients over a period of six months while controlling for the influence of standard of care. ANCOVA results, presented in Table 8, show a significant difference in mean waist circumference (weight loss) amongst treatment groups [ F (2, 86) =7.435, p < .01, partial eta ⴄ 2 = .147]. However, the calculated effect size indicates a small proportion of variance, accounting for about 14.7% change in the waist circumference of patients in the treatment group. 51 Year 2023 Global Journal of Medical Research Volume XXIII Issue II Version I ( D ) F © 2023 Global Journals Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Remission in Patients with Ideal BMI in Rivers State, Nigeria