Global Journal of Researches in Engineering, E: Civil & Structural, Volume 23 Issue 2

Global Journal of Researches in Engineering © 2023 Global Journals ( ) E Volume XxXIII Issue II Version I 42 Year 2023 This page is intentionally left blank Topology Optimization: Applications of VFLSM and SESO in the Generation of Three-Dimensional Strut-and-Tie Models