Global Journal of Researches in Engineering, J: General Engineering, Volume 22 Issue 1

Chantal Marguerite Mveh α , Rolland Djomi σ , Joseph Voufo ρ , Abel NJOM Ѡ , Yves EMVUDU ¥ , Raymond Lucien MEVA’A § & Antoine Elimbi χ Abstract- The thermal characterization of industrially extruded PVC tubes (unloaded and loaded with micronized palm kernel shell powder) has been carried out according to the standard. The aim of this work is to elaborate mathematical models for the calculation of the experimental thermal properties of PVC tubes as a function of the shell powder dosage. We performed the TGA/DSC of unloaded PVC tubes and PVC tubes loaded with 12.54%, 32.03% and 51.01% of palm kernel shell powder using a TG coupled DSC apparatus of LENSEI brand. We obtained the TG/DSC thermograms and their recording which gave us the results of the thermal characteristics of the tubes. From those results, we obtained that the phase transition temperatures vary with the dosage. We have represented the curves of heat absorption as a function of the mass decrease. We have obtained that the kernel shell powder allows the PVC to absorb a large amount of heat before burning, creating relaxation phenomena. From these results we elaborated mathematical models to calculate the thermal characteristic parameters of the PVC tubes as a function of the dosage with the kernel shell powder. We obtained that all the equations are polynomial mathematical laws of degrees 3 (three), when the coefficient of determination R2 is 1 (one), justifying the influence of the palm kernel shell powder on the thermal properties of PVC tubes. Keywords: materials characterization, thermogravimetric analysis, thermodifferential analysis, thermal characterization, modeling of thermal parameters. I. I ntroduction n the literature, we find PVC in many sectors especially in packaging, electronics, electrical, aeronautical, naval, automotive, building construction, household, toys, entertainment and many others. PVC offers the advantages of mixing with other materials without complications, especially during its manufacture or shaping. This characteristic makes polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics a material that is financially accessible to all [1, 2, 3, 4]. Engineers use the materials in constructions according to specifications. In order to respect them, the engineer looks for the performances and the general characteristic parameters of the materials that they must use to satisfy his customers. The work of characterization of plastic materials loaded with calcium carbide has known several advances because calcium carbide is the load by excellence used in the past. Its availability and especially its low cost and its shaping techniques facilitate its predominance in the world of plastic as a load. For this reason, in the characterization of plastic materials loaded with calcium carbides, several results are already recorded in journals [5, 6] and international standards already have banks of results in various characterizations. It should be noted in passing that the plastic material loaded with calcium carbide has had a long period of negativity, particularly in the area of environmental pollution, due to its non-biodegradability and non-recyclability at the end of its life [7]. The consequences of this have led the human communities of the world to draw the attention of the public power, which has led the researchers to find a solution. This solution, which turned out to be positive by the addition or total substitution of the calcium carbide load by vegetable fillers in the chemical composition during the production of my plastic material, began to be a I lobal Journal of Researches in Engineering ( ) Volume XxXII Issue I Version I J G 7 Year 2022 © 2022 Global Journals Jean Mathematical Models for the Calculation of the Thermal Properties of PVCs as a Function of Dosage with the Load of Palm Kernel Shell Powder from the Results of Experimental Practice Author α, ¥: Applied computer science laboratory, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon. e-mails: cmmveh@yahoo.fr, yemvudu@yahoo.fr Author ρ, Ѡ, §: Civil and Mechanical Engineering Laboratory, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon. e-mails: voufojo1@gmail.com , abelnjom@yahoo.fr , jrl67_meva@yahoo.fr Author χ: Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Mineral Materials Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé, Cameroon. e-mail: aelimbi2002@yahoo.fr Correspoding Author σ: Civil and Mechanical Engineering Laboratory, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon. e-mail: rdjomi@yahoo.fr