Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, A: Physics and Space Science, Volume 22 Issue 1

Laser without a Moscow Residence Permit Acad. Victor V. Apollonov Abstract- Two great physicists of our time-academicians Nikolai Basov and Alexander Prokhorov in recent interviews said that they managed to significantly advance laser physics, which they also discovered and developed. But nevertheless, it has not yet become possible to create a strategic laser weapon (LW). They passed this baton to the students. Today, assessing what was done then in the conditions of acute competition with the United States, I want to confirm the validity of what Academician Andrey Kokoshin said: "Laser technology, like space and nuclear technologies, was a powerful catalyst for the scientific and technological progress of the country." And here it is more than appropriate to recall together with the Nobel laureates another outstanding creator. This progress was made by Dmitry Ustinov, who in 1969 insisted on making an important decision to establish the NPO Astrophysics – a leading scientific center of the country focused on the development of the element base of high- power and high-energy LW and related laser technologies /1/. I. P ushing off from S olid- S tate he world laser science began its ascent to the strategic LW with solid-state (SS) lasers on glass and, obviously, will end up with a solid body when searching for structures with a minimum weight factor (kg/kW), which is important for mobile applications of high-energy laser systems for civil and military purposes. The active body in the first laser device of the American physicist Theodore Meymann. A ruby rod served as the device, created in 1960, and the excitation was carried out by optical pumping from a flash lamp. Everything, it would seem, is everyday and simple, like many other great things in this world. Time has passed, and now a recent DARPA report already says, and this is quite true, about a global change in the rules of the game after the widespread spread of "directed energy weapons", which will turn traditional symbols of military power into obsolete trash like cannonballs and cavalry. To assess the timing of the formation of the serious LW from the idea and the first prototype product to the final product, it should be remembered, for example, that strategic aviation has reached a very decent level in 110 years. So do you have a strategic LW there is still time for development. But in reality, its creation today is much faster, this is already clear from the dynamics of events. Solid-state technologies in the world have reached a level of maturity that allows the creation of the required tactical LW with acceptable weights and dimensions. When evaluating laser technologies, the key criterion today is the weight factor, which allows us to soberly judge the applicability of the complex as a mobile weapon. II. W eight as a P riority Comparison of the weighting factor for the gas- dynamic (GDL), electro-discharge, chemical lasers: oxygen-iodine (COIL) and hydrogen/ deuterium-fluoride (HF/DF),diode pumped alkaline metals vapor lasers (DPAL) with the same attitude for a new generation of ss lasers in the optical fiber and ceramics in the disc geometry tells about the unconditional priority of the latter. Achievement the increase in the value of the weight factor of 5 kg per kW allows us to confidently talk about equipping almost all aircraft, all rolling stock of the battlefield forces and sea-based means with tactical, and in the future, strategic law. For all the laser systems listed above, leaving the distance leading to effective tactical and strategic LW, the weight factor is significantly greater. A similar fate at this distance, unfortunately, is prepared for solid-state laser systems on rods and on slabs. Experimental models of LW complexes based on well-known laser systems, which the United States has already abandoned or is abandoning, have become a thing of the past, it became clear that it is impossible to get a light and compact law based on them. The weight factor of these systems is in the range of 200-400 kg /kW, which means that a complex with an output power of 100 kilowatts will weigh at least 20 tons and it can hardly be placed even in a heavy ATA transport vehicle. To achieve air supremacy, it is necessary to create and equip serial combat aircraft with light and compact tactical complexes weighing several hundred kilos. What can we say about more energy-intensive strategic missile systems with a range of more than a thousand kilometers. With all the effort and huge amounts of money invested, up to now, the strategic LW has not been created anywhere in the world. Finding a solution to this problem combines several important requirements. Thus, to the maximum compactness and minimum weight of the complex, the variability of the time structure of the radiation and the scalability of the average power up to several tens of megawatts are added. The whole world is in search of this physico- technical idea based on solid-state technology and its structural basis. T 1 Year 2022 7 © 2022 Global Journals Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXII Issue ersion I VI ( A ) Author: A. M. Prokhorov GPI RAS, Moscow, Vavilov str.38, Russia. e-mail: vapollo@rambler.ru