Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, A: Physics and Space Science, Volume 22 Issue 1

The Earth: An Alien Planet in Another Universe Joseph Simeon Oyepata α & Joseph Oyepata Simeon σ Abstract- The true future perspective of the Earth can be understood and appreciated only if there is a true reconciliation with its past. There are several competing theories about the ultimate fate of the universe and possibility of anything preceding the Big Bang, while other physicists and philosophers refuse to speculate, doubting that information about prior states will ever be accessible. Some scientist have suggested various multiverse hypotheses, in which our universe might be one among many universes that likewise exist. There has been so many possibilities that are yet to be explored and invest igated abou t our earth. The Earth is strangely different from other member of the universe. This study and observation intended to interpret the likelihood of our Earth been a stranger in a foreign universe. Keywords: universe, earth, planets, stars, galaxy. I. I ntroduction t is known that the universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy ( Zeilik and Stephen, 1998). . 'Our Universe' is belie ved to b e about 13 billion years old [1] with a minimum diame ter of 23 trillion light years, and approxim at ely 93 b illion light- years in diameter at the present day [2]. There are hundreds of billion galaxies in the universe with hundreds of billions of stars in our Milky Way. M any of the sta rs in a galaxy have planets. At the largest scale, galaxies are distributed uniformly and the same in all directions, meaning that the univ erse has ne ither an edge nor a center. Our planet, the earth, is no more than a small point in a universe full of worlds [3,4]. The Earth is part of a unique planetary system, under the milky way galaxy align with different matter and energy [5,6]. Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbour and support life. According to radiometric dating estimation and other evidence , Earth is for med o ver 4.5 billion years ago. Within the first billion years of Earth's history, l ife a ppeared in the oceans and began t o affect Earth's atmosphere and surface, leading to th e proliferation of anaero bic and, later, aerobic organis ms [7,8,9]. So me geological evidence h as indicated that life may have arisen as early as 4.1 billion years ago. Since then, the combin ati on of Earth's distance f rom the Sun, physical properties, and geological history have allowed life to evolve and thrive. In some other study, it is believed that in the history of life on Earth, biodiversity has gone through lon g periods of expa nsion, occasionally punctuated b y mass extinctions. More than 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth are extinct [10,11,12,13] . But what if these believe and estimation are not entirely true. II. P ossible T ruth A more holistic, philosophical and analytic look at the Earth shows that it may be a stranger among the universal bodies it found itself. A direct example is the fact that the makeup and composition of the Earth is destitutely different from other planetary features. Earth is unique among the known planets: it has an abundance of water. Other worlds — including a few moons — have atmospheres, ice, and even oceans, but only Earth has the right combination to sustain life. The Earth seems to be the only planet among other uncountable 'floating particles' that is habitable to all forms of life; animal, plants and microorganisms. It is unique among planets even in our solar system for having water in its liquid form at the surface, in an amount conducive to life sustaining and evolving. Earth's crust is made up of several elements: oxygen, 46.6 percent by weight; silicon, 27.7 percent; aluminum, 8.1 percent; iron, 5 percent; calcium, 3.6 percent; sodium, 2.8 percent, potassium, 2.6 percent, and magnesium, 2.1 percent [14,15,16] No other planet has close to this geologically and biologically unique blend. The Earth plate tectonics allows for the carbon-silicate cycle to operate over geological timescales. With the carbon-silicate cycle, the levels of carbon in the atmosphere get regulated to keep the surface temperature around that of liquid water. Oxygen is another vital element for life. Free in the air and dissolved in water, oxygen is second only to nitrogen in abundance among uncombined elements in the atmosphere. Plants and animals use oxygen to respire and return it to the air and water as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) [17,18,19]. Also, Earth's atmosphere is composed of about 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, 0.9 percent argon, and 0.1 percent other gases. Trace amounts of carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and neon are some of the other gases that make up the remaining 0.1 percent [20,21,22] . Such special atmospheric mix needed for a biological energy generation, growth and nucleation for all form of life cannot be found in any other planet or body existing in our present universe. Another aspect of Earth is its proportionate size: If it was much smaller, it wouldn't be able to hold on to our precious atmosphere, but much larger and it might be a gas giant too hot for life. I 1 Year 2022 55 © 2022 Global Journals Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXII Issue ersion I VI ( A ) Aut hor α σ : Federal University, Oye -Ekiti, Ekiti State , Nigeria. e-mails: oyepata.joseph@fuoye.edu.ng, Simeon4unme@yahoo.com