Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, A: Physics and Space Science, Volume 23 Issue 1

Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: A Physics and Space Science Volume 23 Issue 1 Version 1.0 Year 2023 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Online ISSN: 2249-4626 & Print ISSN: 0975-5896 NewApplicationsofNonEquilibriumThermodynamics Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: © 2023. V. A. Etkin. This research/review article is distributed under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). You must give appropriate credit to authors and reference this article if parts of the article are reproduced in any manner. Applicable licensing terms are at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. New Applications of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics By V. A. Etkin Togliatti State University Abstract- We propose to extend the existing theory of irreversible processes (TIP) to include reversible real processes associated with the performance of useful work. This is achieved by the fact that the main quantities used by this theory, thermodynamic forces and fluxes, are derived not from the principle of increasing entropy, but rather from the law of the conservation of energy. This way of constructing TIP prevents the occurrence of thermodynamic inequalities and allows one to substantiate all its provisions without invoking the postulates and considerations of a molecular-kinetic and statistical-mechanical nature. This opens up the possibility of further reducing the number of empirical coefficients and expanding the scope of TIP applicability to nonlinear systems and states that are far from equilibrium, as well as to energy conversion processes which are primarily of interest to power engineers, technologists, biophysicists and astro-physicists. At the same time, the unity of the laws of transformation of all forms of energy and the difference between their equations, reciprocity relations and efficiency criteria from the generally accepted ones are proved. Keywords: thermodynamics, irreversibility, transfer and transformation, interrelation and similarity of processes, effects of superposition. GJSFR-A Classification: DDC Code: 536.7 LCC Code: QD504