Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, A: Physics and Space Science, Volume 23 Issue 11

Evaluating the Reliability and Safety of Lithium- Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles: Advancements, Challenges, and Environmental Considerations Sriyash Tantia I. I ntroduction a) Background he global transportation sector is facing increasing challenges related to air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change. As a result, there is a growing need to shift towards cleaner and more sustainable modes of transportation. Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained significant attention as a promising solution to reduce emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Central to the operation of EVs are lithium-ion batteries, which provide the necessary energy storage capacity for electric propulsion. Lithium-ion batteries have emerged as a leading technology in the field of energy storage due to their high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and versatile design options. However, ensuring the reliability and safety of these batteries remains a critical aspect for the widespread adoption of EVs. Figure 1 explain the Electric Vehicle architecture in details. This report aims to assess the reliability and safety of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles, taking into account the progress made in the field, the challenges that still need to be addressed, and the environmental implications associated with battery production, usage, and disposal. By thoroughly examining these aspects, the thesis seeks to contribute to the understanding of the current state of lithium-ion battery technology and provide insights into the measures needed to enhance their reliability, safety, and overall sustainability. Through a comprehensive analysis of battery degradation, thermal management techniques, failure mechanisms, and the need for standardization and regulation, this research will identify the key issues and obstacles that must be overcome to ensure the safe and reliable operation of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. Furthermore, the environmental implications of lithium-ion batteries, including their material extraction, manufacturing processes, and end-of-life management, will be evaluated to gain a holistic understanding of their overall sustainability. By addressing these crucial aspects, this research endeavors to contribute to the advancement of reliable and safe lithium-ion battery technology, paving the way for the wider adoption of electric vehicles as a sustainable mobility solution. Ultimately, this transition to cleaner transportation options can significantly mitigate environmental impacts, improve air quality, and create a more sustainable and resilient transportation system for future generations b) Research Objectives • Assess the current state of reliability and safety of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles. • Identify the key challenges and obstacles in ensuring the reliability and safety of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. • Evaluate advancements in battery management systems, materials, and designs to enhance the reliability and safety of lithium-ion batteries. • Investigate the failure mechanisms of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and their impact on reliability and safety. • Analyze the environmental implications of lithium-ion batteries, including their production, usage, and disposal, in order to identify strategies for minimizing their environmental impact. T 1 Year 2023 Frontier Research Volume XXIII Issue ersion I VXI ( A ) Science © 2023 Global Journals Global Journal of Author: The Doon School. e-mail: sriyash.442.2025@doonschool.com