Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, D: Agriculture and Veterinary, Volume 22 Issue 1

stimulation zone and vertical position, the continuation shoot has prevailing growth processes. For better bud formation on this shoot, the stems should not be removed completely, but rather they should be pruned behind the 5th-6th leaf. In the case of the stems appearing on them, pruning should be carried out after 2-3 leaves. After the continuation shoot reaches the top of the trellis, it begins to be led along the top wire of the trellis into the inner part of the bush above the pruned fruiting shoots. Horizontal position of the end part of an annual shoot in the second half of the growing season restrains the growth processes and contributes to better maturation of its wood. To stimulate this process even more a month before the end of vegetation, remove the growth point on this shoot. When pruning in autumn, all the stems on the growth shoot must be completely removed. From the given description of formation of a sleeve of a new type, it is clear that the function of a fruit link on it performs its one-year growth the first half of it is a fruit arrow, and its second half, respectively, is a replacement twig. The proposed formation is unusually simple and clear. Elimination in it of sharp fluctuations of volumes of above-ground part of a grape plant allows reducing oppression of its root system by pruning measures and considerably optimizes the use of plastic substances created by it. Since in the new formation only single and small shoots are removed, the wounds from them remain small in size, they are not concentrated in one place and therefore do not have a significant impact on the conductive ability of sleeves, which allows several times longer productive life. The new formation strongly stimulates the underground stem of the vine bush to awaken buds and emergence of new shoots from which additional arms are formed as the strength of the bush grows. Their number when placed on the permanent V-shaped trellis that we developed can reach 12 when growing commercially. In this case, the grape plant will need 6 meters of space in a row for their normal growth and development. Accordingly, the use of liana-like formation with such a number of sleeves in the bush allows several times to reduce the cost of planting material in the establishment of new industrial plantations, and without losing the level of yields. Special interchangeable trellises, allow to significantly reduce labor costs for the care of young vine plantation due to the possibility of mechanized inter-row treatment in two directions. In addition, these trellises provide protection of grape plants from winter frosts without the use of soil, using modern non-woven materials (winter protection for roses to cover sleeves, film mix anicondensate 100 to cover the side planes of the lower parts of trellises). The high thermal insulating capacity of these materials and snow quickly, accumulated and retained in the base of trellises successfully solve this problem. In spring, the same materials turn the lower part of trellises into small greenhouses, protecting young shoots on the vine from damage by spring return frosts. On a V-shaped permanent trellis, a large slope of the planes allows to bring the bunches out of the leaf canopy, which optimizes microclimate in their zone, the lighting regime significantly reduces the amount of manual work on their clarification. In addition, their use makes it possible to carry out mechanized harvesting, and even table varieties with combines combing type, developed at our university. The jet-pitch irrigation method, developed and patented in our university, stimulates well the creation of a powerful root system in grape plants [7]. Moreover, even a gravity, mobile variant has been developed, which allows to use the existing canal network in farms for surface irrigation of vine plantations. It is possible to switch to a new formation in 5-6 years and on existing vine plantations, where traditional formations were previously used. When renewing sleeves from shoots, already liana-like sleeves are formed, according to the above described technology with a gradual replacement of the old sleeves with new ones. It is especially advisable to do this in old thinning plantations, where this method will not make replanting in the places of falling out and will allow to remove some of the sick weakened bushes with low productivity. IV. C onclusions The proposed new method of formation more corresponds to biological features of grapes as a liana plant, and therefore all physiological processes are more successful, which in turn provides the formation of a very resilient, super productive and durable organism, much more resistant to all negative influences of environmental factors. Introduction of new developments of our university in growing grapes: shaping, trellises, irrigation method can allow significantly increasing the yield and quality of products, and repeatedly reducing the costs of planting, care and harvesting of grape plantations. R eferences R éférences R eferencias 1. Petrov V.S. Effective ways of vine bushes in modern farming systems/V.S. Petrov, T.P. Pavlikova// Scientific Proceedings of GNU SKZNIISIV. 2014. Vol. 6. - С .148-155. 2. Huseynov Sh.N. Response of grape plants to the application of various agronomic techniques in plantations of industrial intensive types/Sh.N. Huseynov, S.V. Mayborodin, D.E. Russo//Wine- making and viticulture. - 2013. - № 1.- С . 29-32. A Liana-Like Formation of a Grape Plant © 2022 Global Journals 1 Year 2022 24 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXII Issue ersion I VI ( D ) 3. Maltabar L.M. Pruning, shaping methods of vine bushes (theory and practice): tutorial/L.M. Maltabar. - Krasnodar 2012.- 206 p.