Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, D: Agriculture and Veterinary, Volume 23 Issue 1

The Modified Richard’s Equation for Assessing the Impact of Drought and Salinity in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones. Part Two: A Soil Hydraulic Capacitance El-Shazly Mohamed Hegazy All the equations used in the materials and methods section are owned to the author 1 Year 2023 25 © 2023 Global Journals Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXIII Issue ersion I VI ( ) Author: Ph.D., Natural Resources, Cairo University, Egypt. e-mail: shazlygazouly@yahoo.com Abstract- A soil hydraulic capacitance is a new physical property related to the interactions between the agro eco-system components soil, water, plant and atmosphere. It gives new quantitative details about the processes control the plant water uptake, ascending of sap and soil response toward the root water uptake under a certain soil moisture regime and climatic changes. The soil hydraulic capacitance, a tank like a plant water reservoir, is being controlled by signals, valves like switches. Three types of signaling devices, Geo, Bio, and weather controlled were discussed. The soil hydraulic capacitance property was first discovered by the author when modeling the wheat root water uptake under saline and drought conditions. Under the latter extreme conditions, treating plants with silica products was the managerial practice used for enhanced plant growth and water uptake. A split-split plot experimental design with four replicates was used to conduct the research in Oraby Village, Maryout area, Alexandria, Egypt in the last year of the most water-scarce decade. The aim of the experiment was to put the sink/ source term of Richard’s equation, S, into investigation under a macroscopic electrical modeling, AMUN_SHC. Natural drought and salinity stressors are the abiotic extremes. Silicon foliar applications are the managerial practices used for combating the latter extremes. The Plant stress index, soil stress index and strain of straw sap were calculated. The S-shaped relative extreme response function was used to describe the SSI= f (h, z, t). the effect of silicon as a beneficial element on the soil hydraulic capacitance and therefore the winter wheat water uptake was estimated and discussed. The soil hydraulic capacitance equations were derived and discussed. The brilliant result from the research is that the soil hydraulic capacitance, a recently discovered soil hydro-physical property, controls the root water uptake under drought and saline conditions in accordance with stress, strain and weathered controlled relationships. Keywords: soil hydraulic capacitance, drought and salinity stresses, strain, compensated water uptake. Abbreviations: SHC, β : Soil Hydraulic Capacitance, SSI: Soil Stress Index, PSI: Plant Stress Index. AMUN_SHC: The Code of Calculating SHC. CRWU: Compensated Root Water Uptake. MENA & WANA: They are acronyms of Middle East North Africa Region and Western Asia Northern Africa Region, respectively. They are antonyms. They include approximately 24 countries. They are as follow: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Palestine, Yemen, Ethiopia, Sudan and Western Sahara. This region has the largest reservoirs of kerogenic hydrocarbons. It Occupies 60% of the world's oil reserves and 45% of the world's natural gas reserves. Many crises, clashes, revolutions or sometimes wars are predominated therein. The oil war between Iraq and Kuwait, the border clashes between Sudan and Ethiopia and the incoming water war between Egypt and Ethiopia for instance not for a survey. D