Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, D: Agriculture and Veterinary, Volume 23 Issue 1

roots penetrate the soil system in a smoothy way which enables roots to click the easiest bath, the moist wide friable planar voids, in searching and categorizing moisture to water and nourish (Peter, 2016). This is the reason that silicon saves plant energy under stress conditions. The latter biophysical functions are controlled by the weathered induced stress-strain relationship, the soil hydraulic capacitance (Eq. 5). As drought and salinity increased, the water inside plant became less strained (Fig. 6), uncompensated water uptake decreased. Silica fertilization has an ameliorative effect on both main agro-ecosystem components, plant and soil (Epstien, 2009 and Choobbasti et al., 2015), under such conditions. As a result of this effective management practice, silicon concentrate the straw sap, creates a more negative water potential inside it, and makes the osmotic pressure is balanced by, the adhesive strain (Almeras and Gril, 2007). water inside the plant more strained which creates an effective suction force that introduces downward to the roots and supports wheat water uptake (Fig. 7) (Kirkham, 2004). Then the signal transmits back to back toward the leaves as a diluted hydraulic signal by the act of high tensile strength of water. It’s the hydrogen bonding of water molecules which acts as a rope tying water molecules each to other, causing the high tensile strength, and therefore the ascending of sap from root to shoot by vascular tissues (Tyree and Zimmermanm, 2002) . On the other wards, they are strains generated by water tension delivered water from soil through plants to the atmosphere to satisfy the driving force of evaporative demands, the cohesive strain. Moreover, they transmitted to the cell wall in which they contained causing turgidity, a mechanical pressure in the living cells, where the At the optimum conditions, SHC should equal the Tp in order to direct the osmolytes for building the crop biomass. Unless SHC may either overcome or downcome the Tp according to root adaptability to the adverse effects of abiotic stresses. Estimating the plant response toward the moisture regimes is illustrated in figures (8 and 9). As moisture becomes less available, the soil hydraulic capacitance and therefore compensation decreases. Whereas slightly saline soils have SHC much more than saline ones and so as in the case of irrigation water. Accordingly, seawater intrusion diminishes the SHC with the exception for the case of special soil, water, and plant managerial practices such as leaching and drainage for soil, magnetism for water, and silicon foliar application and gene transfer for the plant which use to raise SHC in some degree of extend. In halophytes, PSI is always greater than SSI. Accordingly, SHC exceeds the Tp and the opposite is true in sensitive plants. As silicon concentrates straw sap, it makes the root sap more strained. Therefore silicon allowed plants to withstand abiotic stress by shaking down the limits of actual stress plant roots may bear from the log phase until disappear. SHC in control treatment is higher than Tp on silicon treatments. The latter means that SSI is greater than PSSI. Moreover, a little pulse of environmental abiotic stress will cause a greater negative response on crop yield without silica fertilization. Potassium silicate is better than sodium silicate in the latter manner because the soil under investigation is rich in clay mineral fixes potassium between its layers, Attapolgite (Fig. 8). 1 Year 2023 37 © 2023 Global Journals Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXIII Issue ersion I VI ( )D The Modified Richard’s Equation for Assessing the Impact of Drought and Salinity in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones. Part Two: A Soil Hydraulic Capacitance