Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 21 Issue 6

Traditional Approaches on Morbidity and Case Management of Urinary Schistosoma Infection in Rural Communities of Ogun State, Nigeria Jonathan, Joseph α , Andrawus, James σ & Akinjobi Rukayat, Omotayo ρ Abstract- Schistosomiasis is considered to be one of the most prevalent neglected tropical disease (NTDs). It is estimated over 240 million people are infected and with about 700 million people are at risk of infection. The sample size of 152 was used to carry out the study. Ten milliliters of urine was centrifuged and the sediments were examined for Schistosomahaematobium ova. Data obtained were subjected to analysis using SPSS and chi-square at P< 0.05. Total Sample of 152 urine collected the result shows 33(47.8%) male and 36(52.2%) female at Ibaro and 41(49.4%) male and 42(50.6%) female at Apojula, 69 and 83 respectively for the two communities with no significant difference (p> 0.05). Treatment using traditional approaches (herbs) of which 148(97.4%) has been treated using drugs, herbs and other methods. In the two study communities, the studies shows that people where using Trichilia emetic and Stylosantheserectain Ibaro and Apojula for treatment of urinary schistosomiasis . The result also shows that roots of Trichilia emetic is the most used in the community with32(46.4%), stems 27(39.1%) has an impact on the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis. Traditional method as a case management plays a vital role in the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis in the study area. Keywords: traditional approaches, morbidity, case management, urinary, schistosomiasis, infection, ogun state, nigeria. I. I ntroduction chistosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by digenetic blood trematode worms of the family Schistosomatidae , is one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and still considered as a major public health ravaging 77 developing countries in the tropics and subtropics [22]. Nigeria has a higher number of cases of schistosomiasis worldwide [9], with about 29 million infected people, among which 16 million are children, and about 101 million people are at risk of schistosomiasis [20, 8, 1, 22]. Water related activities such as harvesting hippo grass, fishing, washing clothes, washing utensils, bathing and fetching water from rivers or streams and open air defecations were observed to be risky behavior practices that enhanced disease transmission [4, 21,15,11,23, 13, 6, 2, 5,14, 16, 10, 12]. Looking a way forward towards justifying the menace of Schistosoma infections among rural endemic communities, traditional method were employed such as the use of herbs in treating Schistomiasis. Ethnobotany and ethno-medical studies are today recognized as the most viable methods of identifying new medicinal plants or refocusing on those earlier reported for bioactive constituents [7]. Plants have been of immense value to human health and roughly eighty percent (80%) of the world’s populations rely on them for cure of various ailments [17]. The continual search for natural plant products used as medicines has acted as a catalyst leading to the widespread use of traditional medicinal practices today, are an important part of the primary health care delivery system in most of the developing world [3]. A study on South African medicinal plants revealed the efficiency of 21 plant species against schistosomula worms [18]. Ricinus com-munis leaf in association with Capparistomentosa leaf; Trichiliaemetica root in association with Afromomumlatifolium fruit and Zyziphusmucronata root bark in association with Stylosantheserecta whole plant were also reported to be used against urinary schistosomiasis [24]. This study highlighted on the knowledge and prevalence of Schistosoma infection and traditional approaches on morbidity and case management of urinary schistosoma infection in rural communities of Ogun State, Nigeria. a) Research Method i. Description of the study location This study was carried out at Ibaro Oyan and Apojola community area of Abeokuta, located at the Ogun State, South-Western Nigeria. It is within longitude 7° 7 ′ 34.5 ″ North and 3°8 ′ 99.8 ″ east. Major occupation of people of these communities is fishing and farming, trading activities. ii. Ethical Approval Ethical approval was gotten from the Ogun State Ministry of Health, and from College of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. S 1 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXI Issue VI Year 2021 75 ( H ) © 2021 Global Journals Version I Author α ρ : Public Health Parasitology and Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Author σ : Department of Mathematics, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State. e-mails: jamesandy77722@gmail.com , jonathanj@funaab.edu.ng