Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 21 Issue 6

III. D iscussion The result shows that the highest prevalence rate was found among the female of both communities. There was no significant difference in the sex in both communities to the infection (p>0.05).However, this study agrees with some findings carry out in the southern parts of Nigeria which showed that females have a higher prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis than males [25] and [26]. The reason for this is that women are mostly involved in activities known to favour infection due to their gender-assigned responsibilities which include fetching, bathing, religious act, washing these activities are done majorly by the females which probably makes the female has higher chance of infection. The prevalence of the disease did not increase significantly with the age (p>0.05). This implies that the infection among population in both communities is not age specific. It confirms that the infection could be acquired through water contact activities. The knowledge, attitude and practices are high in both communities in which high population. The result of this study show that population of both communities has the knowledge of traditional approaches in managing the disease due to no constant of mass administration of medicines (MAMs) in the communities. Findings shows that population in Ibaro communities uses Trichiliaemetic and Stylosant- heserecta as a traditional approach in treatment of the infection and Arshe, a local name called by the Udoma people of Benue state. These traditional methods can be done using different methods in preparation of the herbs examples, boiling, drying, raw consumption etc. The result of the study on plant herbs shows that the root and stem of Trichilia emetic has great effect on the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis and whole plant of Stylosantheserecta this research work agreed with [24] where he confirms that extracts of Trichiliaemetica root in association with Stylosantheserecta whole plant has great effects against urinary schistosomiasis. After treatment using herbs high number of population experience the infection again due to probably re-infection or constant exposure to source of infection. Since both communities are aware of the infection, there is need for the communities to be enlightened more on the dangers of re-infection. Lack of proper water supply was observed in both communities and lack of understanding of mode of transmission of the disease. IV. C onclusion This study concluded that traditional methods as case management play a vital role in the treatment of infection in the study area. Looking a way forward towards extenuating the menace of Schistosoma infections, traditional method and Ethnobotany and ethno-medical studies should be acknowledged as the most viable methods of identifying new medicinal plants or refocusing on those earlier reported for bioactive constituents. Plants have been of immense value to human health and roughly eighty percent (80%) of the world’s populations rely on them for cure of various ailments. The continual search for natural plant products used as medicines, has acted as a catalyst leading to the widespread use of traditional medicinal practices today in most of the developing world. Collaborative effort between the government and the community are required to reduce water contact behaviors that results in the transmission of urinary schistosomiasis. To make this feasible, health education should repairs all damages boreholes and provides availability of alternative sources of clean and safe water are recommended to complement ongoing efforts to control schistosomiasis and traditional method should be acknowledged as the most viable methods of identifying new medicinal plants in the study communities and other endemic communities of Sub- Saharan Africa. Abbreviations L: Leaves, R: Roots, S: Stems, Se: Seeds, T: Time A cknowledgment The authors are grateful to the communities in Ibaro and Apojula, districts for participation and cooperation, the local area chiefs for permission to undertake the surveys and the Provincial and District Health officers for their support. We are also thankful to the school heads, teachers and community health workers for their assistance. R eferences R éférences R eferencias 1. Adenowo, A.F, Oyinloye, B. E, Ogunyinka, B.I and Kappo, A. P. (2015) Impact of human schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. Brazil Journal of Infectious Diseases 19:196-205. 2. Adoka, S., Anyona, D., Abuom, P., Dida, G., Karanja, D., Vulule, J., Okurut, T., Matano, A., Gichere, S. and Ofulla, A. (2014). Community perceptions of schistosomiasis transmission, prevalence and control in relation to aquatic habitats in the Lake Victoria basin of Kenya. East Africa Medical Journal 91: 232–44. 3. Akerele, O. (1988). Medicinal plants and primary health care: an agenda for action . Fitoterapia 59: 355-6. 4. Anguza, J., Oryema-Lalobo, M., Oundo, G. and Nuwaha, F. (2007). Community perception of intestinal schistosomiasis in Busia district of Uganda. East African Medical Journal 84: 56–66. Traditional Approaches on Morbidity and Case Management of Urinary Schistosoma Infection in Rural Communities of Ogun State, Nigeria 1 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXI Issue VI Year 2021 79 ( H ) © 2021 Global Journals Version I R ecommendations