Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 21 Issue 6

order to use water from rivers for agricultural land, water should be as low as possible. [13]. In his paper, Spuler states that the importance of crop production. Neither the banks of the Vranjska and Sobinska rivers in the city center of Vranje were spared trash. A particular problem is municipal wastewater. Measurement of water quality of the South Morava River in the territory of the Municipality of Vranje is carried out at 8 measuring points in four quarterly periods. Monitoring of surface water quality that determines quality is in accordance with the Law on Waters (Official Gazette of the RS, Nos. 30/10 and 93/12) and the relevant by-law or Decree on limit values of pollutants in surface and groundwater and sediment and deadlines to reach them (Official Gazette RS 50/12). Surface water control is very important, because of its sustainability [12] and thherefore their control is important. This paper presents the results of measuring the quality of water from the South Morava River at two measuring points. Saprobiological analyzes of the phytobenthos community, at all profiles and at all study periods, show that the watercourse is loaded with moderate organic pollution. The obtained values of the saprobability index according to ZelinkaMarvan, on the profiles Ristovac and Vladicin Han, corresponded to the III class of water quality. II. M aterials and M ethods Water purification is done in two ways: precipitation and filtration. If the turbid water is allowed to stand for some time, the particles contained therein will fall slightly to the bottom. Larger and heavier particles will fall faster than smaller particles. It's a deposition. The filtration is carried out in such a way that the water is poured through a filter paper on which the impurity particles are retained as the pure water passes. In nature, water passes through layers of sand and gravel that are natural filters. All the dirty particles are left behind, which makes the spring water clear.[7] In cities, water is usually taken from rivers, so it must be treated before use. This is done in plumbing where precipitation is first done, then filtered, and then chlorine is added to the water to destroy contagious germs. Thus purified water can be used for drinking. Water containing some solutes is purified by distillation (seawater - salt). Distilling water involves heating it to boiling, collecting water vapor and cooling it. Condensation of water vapor produces distilled water. In situations where we are not sure that the water we use to drink is of satisfactory quality, or where there is a possibility of contamination with something, the most appropriate method for purification is cooking. Boiling for a few minutes destroys pathogenic organisms so that after cooling such water can be used for drinking. To improve its taste, aeration of boiled water should be carried out - pouring from one vessel to another several times. Bacteriological purification of water can be done by leaving the water tank to stand in the sun for some time, so that the ultraviolet rays will destroy the biological pollutants. In addition to active forms of protection, waterways are protected by appropriate legal means. National and international laws today restrict the discharge of waste into the sea and inland waters. However, they can hardly force people not to. [3]Therefore, raising the level of general awareness of the importance of water for the survival of man is of paramount importance. The wastewater treatment process is divided into: primary, secondary and tertiary treatment. The primary phases involve the use of certain mechanical agents (grates, sedimentation, flotation) whereby most suspended solids are removed from the water. Secondary phases include the removal of solid particles from inorganic salts. In the tertiary phase, dissolved inorganic compounds (nitrates, phosphates) and biodegradable compounds are removed. As the water pollution process itself is difficult to prevent, the protection of water is primarily aimed at reducing the impact of wastewater, at best, completely eliminating any impact. This is done through general environmental measures (work actions, environmental activism) as well as through water-specific measures (educating individuals on the importance of water to planet Earth) [9]. a) Purification and conditioning of drinking water By improving the quality, water must be brought to the level of hygiene. For water to be used for drinking, it must fit the first or second class at the grasp. Mechanical, physical, chemical and biological methods are used for quality repair. [6]Reasons for improving water quality are organoleptic, health and technological. There are a number of processes used for quality repair, the most common being: oxidation, reduction, deferrization, demanganization, removal of phenol, sedimentation, aeration, filtration, coagulation, flocculation, flotation, adsorption, biological flocculation and precipitation, removal of water hardness, disinfection and fluoridation. These methods are combined as needed. Grates and sieves with meshes of 5 to 50 mm are used to remove large objects from the water. Water disinfection is a process by which mechanical, physical or chemical processes significantly reduce the total number of microorganisms and destroy pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water. Mechanical procedures for water disinfection are filtration through: semi permeable membrane, unglazed porcelain filters, silver filters and biological membranes. Water Quality Control of the Southern River Water in the Territory Town of Vranja © 2021 Global Journals 1 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXI Issue VI Year 2021 82 ( H ) Version I Physical procedures are the application of high temperature (cooking), the application of UV rays and ozone. Chemical methods of disinfection are the