Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 21 Issue 6

youths receiving treatment and rehabilitation decreased. There were also criminal behaviors and attitudes, and there was a cost difference between the centers and the youths. However, JVTC had a limited budget, so the arrangement of the center must be efficient. Knowing the efficient cost per unit and center size will help the manager of the Inspection Department to formulate appropriate sizes and cost per unit policies, providing JVTC with adequate and appropriate resources. The objective of the study was to analyze the performance of JVTC by using the concept of cost per unit, andEconomies of Scale analysis. II. L iterature R eview This paper analyzed the efficiency of JVTC in a remedial treatment of juvenile offenders by using a cost per unit, and Economies of scale analysis. A literature review of the relevant theory and research was as follows: Efficiency theory [7] explained the ability to use rare resources of the manufacturer considering the relationship among the factors, the process, and the output. The production was efficient when the manufacturer used the least factor but produced a high quantity. The efficiency consisted of Technical Efficiency (TE), and Allocation Efficiency (AE) . Therefore, the TE of the production factor was positively correlated with the output. Allocation Efficiency described an operator's ability to select a combination of input factors or combinations of input = ( 1 , … , ) . When there was no change in the production technique, but the maximum yield ( 1 , 1 ) ∈ 1 by the combination ( 11 , 12 ) ∈ 1 . Subsequently, a mix of set input ( 21 , 22 ) ∈ 2 was used. Set 2 to be less than n 1 , but the yield was equal to 2 , which was greater than 1 . Therefore, ingredient utilization of input 2 to have AE. When the production achieved TE and AE. [ ( , , ) ∗ ( , )] Therefore, Cost Efficiency (CE) at effective production volumes had the lowest cost per unit. CE was related to the price of the input factors. The production of output used input , and the price of the factors was . The cost of factors was calculated from the n combinations of input factors that represented the lowest possible cost per unit of production. ( , ) was shown the relationship between the cost and the outputs. The factors of production and productivity gave the cost function ( , ) = { : ( , ) ≥ 1} . When the cost function was divided by the number of outputs, the average cost (AC) was obtained as ( , ) = ( , ) . AC line creature with U- curve gave the lowest value. The minimum AC intersected with the marginal cost (MC) line ( ( , ) = ( , ) ) or the supply line was drawn from the left to the right. According to the Economics analysis of public service arrangements, the goal of utilizing factors of production was to provide people in society with the highest social welfare. Therefore, efficiency refers to the ability to make the most of resources for the people in society [13]. Economics analysis considered the benefits of the society from public services that were arising. Economics Analysis was distinctive from the private sector. Economics analysis in the justice system relied on the approach to analysis. The review of theories and analysis for the efficiency of the work in the justice system was classified into 2 ways: 1) a minimum cost or a value of socio- economic losses, and 2) Economies of Scale analysis. The details were as follows: The analysis of costs or the value of economic and social losses. The judicial policy can be classified into two categories: (1) Social welfare lost value analysis and research estimated the impact of severe narcotics policy based on the demand and supply curve of narcotics. The results of the study explained that the anti-drug policy was ineffective because the demand- supply did not decrease, but the price increased, resulting in high social welfare losses [1]. This guiding analysis also applied to cigarette tax policies, the study concluded that tax incremental policies were ineffective [17]. (2) Cost per unit analysis.The Washington State Institute for Public Policy [16] found that in 2003, the community-based program of community-based remedial juvenile offenders was effective and cost an average of $1,900-31,200. The study by Fowles, Byrnes, and Hickert [6] estimated the accounting costs of JVTC in Utah found 40% more recidivist rehabilitation costs than first-time offenders. For Economies of Scale Analysis in the judicial process, Livingston, Stewart, Allard, and Ogilvie [9]analyzed economies of scale for police stations in Canada. Estimated cost and arrest data for criminals between 2001-2012, the mean cost equations of urban and rural police stations, together with demographic, economic, and social factors, it was found that urban police stations were economies of scale, but local police stations did not result in economies of scale. Hennebel, Simperet, and Verschelde [8] analyzed the scale of prisons in England and Wales, finding economies of scale of prisons should have a capacity of 554-1,187 people, with an annual cost of around £23-37 million per site. However, the researcher recommended that prisons focus on quality improvement and environmental management as prisons had a large number of inmates. The average cost was reduced, which affected the quality of remediation. Turner, Toor, Hollingsworth, and Anderson [14] used Economies of Scale analysis of community health counseling centers. The results explained that the consulting center did not generate economies of scale because the consulting mission was more than one mission. © 2021 Global Journals 1 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXI Issue VI Year 2021 2 ( H ) Version I An Economic Evaluation of Thailand Juvenile Vocational Training Centers