Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 21 Issue 6

According to theory and literature review, the paper analyzed the efficiency by analyzing cost per unit and economies of scale from cost function determined by youth numbers of all centers, small and large cost functions. Thus, the average cost (AC) function was used to analyze the cost per unit and economies of scale for both small and large sizes. III. M ETHODS The study was quantitative research, using data from 17 JVTCs out of 21,accounting for 81% monthly between December 2016 and December 2019, and classified as 10 JVTCs and 7 special JVTCs,compiling 629 months of secondary data, a total number of 16,000 children and youth. Costs were classified as follows: (1) fixed costs, (2) variable costs, (3) direct costs, and (4) indirect costs. Accounting expense data ofJVTC were classified into 2 groups as follows: (1) capital factors and (2) labor factors. Estimating the cost equation using the polynomial function which had properties corresponding to 3 cost functions as follows: (1) the cost equation of all centers, (2) the cost equation of a small center with the number of youths less than 300, and (3) the cost equation of a large center with more than 300 youths. Set TC was the total cost per month, JO was the number of children and youth in the center, and X was the other independent variable [8][9], the proportion of youth drug offenses (No. Drug), murder (No. murder), the proportion of juvenile recidivism, the proportion of youth from poor households (Poor), juvenile density (JO density), and the level of risk and need for treatment (Level of risk and need to commit a crime). The cost equations were estimated with a multiple regression model using AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) analysis to identify the appropriate equation for forecasting. The correlation coefficient ( 2 ) was then analyzed and the hypothesis was tested with T and F statistics. = 0 + 1 + 1 2 + 2 3 + ⋯+ + ℎ ℎ + AC and MC equations were estimated by the cost function. AC curves were drawn to analyze cost per unit and Economies of Scale. R ESULTS This paper analyzed the efficiency of the JVTC, DJOP, Ministry of Justice by analyzing cost per unit and Economies of Scale. The findings included the cost situation, cost function, cost per unit, and economies of scale. The details were as follows: 1) It was found that since 2017 the total cost was monthly $1.4 million, 2018 was $1.3 million, and in 2019 was $0.8 million. In 2019, costs classified by production factor approximately 50% were costs of capital factors. The capital costs were $5.5 million. The labor cost was $5.3 million. The direct costs of $10.4 million consisted of food, personnel, and materials for training activities. Indirect costs were $0.5 million, consisting of personnel welfare, youth personnel, external miscellaneous expenses, and personnel meeting and training expenses. Fixed costs accounted for 53% and variable costs accounted for 46%. Labor costs accounted for about half of the total cost, according to the regulations of the Department of Observation, which defined the structure, the position and number of personnel in the center of approximately 56 people and was included as civil servants, government employees, and permanent employees, resulting in most personnel expenses. While considering the cost according to the size of the center, it was found that there were small centers which included approximately children and youth of 1,520 people with a total cost of approximately$0.6 million. There were large centers with a total of 2,687 children with a total cost of $0.6 million. Small centers average a total cost of $0.1 million. The large center had a total cost of $0.1 million. The proportion of costs by the expenses comparing small to large centers were found to be no distinctive. Smaller centers with a small number of children in the center, their consumption costs (F) accounted for 33% and personnel costs (L) accounted for 37%.[Figure. 1] 2) The cost equation analysiswas divided into 3 cases: cost equations of all centers (TC), small centers (TC S ), and large centers (TC L ). It was found that the cost equations were estimated to have AIC from the quartic polynomial function of 19,660, which was the least and had the relative coefficient ( 2 ) of 0.17. From the total cost equation estimated to be equal to = 3,515,000 − 48,980 + 326.6 2 − 0.75 3 + 0.0006 4 . It was found that the fixed cost was $0.1 million. It means that the center did not have any youth, the center cost $0.1 million. [Table 2] The small cost equation was found that the AIC from the cubic polynomial equation was the lowest at 13,480.9, the 2 was 0.112, and the total cost equation An Economic Evaluation of Thailand Juvenile Vocational Training Centers IV. 1 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXI Issue VI Year 2021 3 ( H ) © 2021 Global Journals Version I was = 3,952,000 − 56,850 0 + 334.3 2 0.5316 3 . The fixed capital was $0.12 million. When the child increased by only one case, the total cost of the small center decreased by $1,755.