Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 21 Issue 6

rehabilitate criminal juvenile offenders with two parts: cost per unit, and Economies of Scale analysis: a) Cost per unit of Juvenile Rehabilitation Treatment The cost per unit analysis of juvenile rehabilitation as part of the economics analysis cost, considering the relationship between AC curves and the cost per unit. According to the theory, the cost line properties were positively correlated with the number of youths and optimal input factors mixtures that provided the lowest cost while maintaining or increasing yields [8]. The results of the AC analysis revealed that the U- curve [8] and the additional MC curves had an N-curve characteristic. The minimum AC curve was pointed out at 518 youths and $168 of cost per unit, which was the point of cost-efficiency. In addition, the minimum cost of living in Thailand was $187 per month [10], and the cost of raising children was $292 monthly [3]. These costs were higher than the juvenile cost per unit. As a result, the quality of life of the youth in the center did not meet the standard level [15]. In the future, the juveniles who have lower human capital than the others will tend to commit reoffending [2]. b) Economies of Scale analysis An analysis of economies of scale by Hennebel, Simperet, and Verschelde [8] presented a scale-out of the size of the prison: about 500 prisoners. On the other hand, JVTC has set the capacity of having juveniles in each center differently in Thailand. Some centers can take up to 697 youths, and in some centers, they can hold a maximum of only 34 youths. Therefore, three centers always had overcrowded people problems, and the others had juveniles less than what they were capable of. The study divided the centers into two sizes - small and large. ACS, ACL, and AC of all caseshave analyzed the economies of scale. It was found that the operation of these two sizes did not have economies of scale. The result was distinctive from others; Livingston, Stewart, Allard and Ogilivie [9] and Hennebel, Simperet and Verschelde [8]. The two sizes had no economies of scale as a result of a poor arrangement. There was no guideline for an average cost to arrange the resources for centers, and each center was assigned the same number of employees which is 56 even though they are distinctive in size. Besides, a small center had an average cost of about $840, whereas the large centers continued to decrease AC due to policy-making, the fixed personnel structure, and the Ministry of Finance regulations on procurement and government procurement with multiple stages. In addition, in the large centers, the food and beverage rate per unit of $1.6 a day was less than the average standard living cost. corrective and rehabilitative arrangements, not to Economies of Scale which had the lowest cost per unit of $168. This cost per unit was lower than the cost of living at $187 [10]. The life quality of youths was therefore not up to universal principles [15]. The executive of DJOP, the Ministry of Justice should do as follows: (1) increase the budget for the center for the youth to have a better life quality. The cost per unit should be between $187 and 292, which was consistent with the cost of child care and higher than the standard level of living. It also made the youth's life in line with international standards. (2) promote and support center administrators to improve the quality and provide a center environment that was conducive to remediation, therapy, and rehabilitation by supporting adequate and appropriate resources. A cknowledgement This article is in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Doctor of Philosophy Program in Economics, Srinakharinwirot University. The research was granted a scholarship from the Royal Golden Jubilee Program, The Thailand Research Fund (TRF), at present known as Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI), with the kindness of the advisor including personnel and staff of DJOP, who provided beneficial advice to the author. On this occasion, the author would like to express the deepest gratitude to all of them. This article had licensed human research ethics number’s SWUEC-G-060/2562 by Srinakharinwirot University ethics board. R eferences R éférences R eferencias 1. Becker, G. S., Murphy, K. M., & Grossman, M. (2005). The Market for Illegal Goods: The Case of Drugs. Retrieved from Cambridge: 2. Carter, A. (2019). The Consequences of Adolescent Delinquent Behavior for Adult Employment Outcomes. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48, 17–29. 3. Chamchan, C., Jaratsit, S., & Loyfah, N. (2019). Cost of raising a child (age 0-14) in Thailand. Chiang Mai University Journal of Economics, 23(1), 55-78. 4. Department of Juvenile Observation and Protection. (2020). State performance report to the public yearly for the fiscal year 2019. Bangkok. 5. Depew, B., & Eren, O. (2016). Born on the Wrong Day? School Entry Age and Juvenile Crime. Journal of Urban Economics, 96, 73–90. 6. Fowles, R., Byrnes, E., & Hickert, A. (2005). The Cost of Crime, A Cost/Benefit Tool for Analyzing An Economic Evaluation of Thailand Juvenile Vocational Training Centers © 2021 Global Journals 1 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXI Issue VI Year 2021 6 ( H ) Version I VI. C ONCLUSION The study analyzed the cost per unit and Economies of Scale. It was found that the center had Utah Criminal Justice Program Effectiveness. Retrieved from Utah: 7. Fried, H. O., Lovell, C. A. K., & Schmidt, S. S. (2008). The Measurement of Productive Efficiency