Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 21 Issue 6

Role of Solar & Atmospheric Disparity on Climate of Western India, Kota, Rajasthan, India Vinay Kumar Pandey Abstract- In the last three decades, India has been facing the unus ual weather condition t hat the affects the social- ecological balance. The summers are getting hotter; winters colder, drought, stronger storms, heat waves, floods, cloud burst, cyclones, and anomalous seasonal weather frequency and intensity have been historical expectations. Indian climate is affected by winds coming from the Indian Ocean as well as cold, dry northern winds along with atmospheric Hedley and Farrell cell wind and variation in these atmospheric winds. The change in solar radiation may impact these wind patterns, and extreme climatic events that happened globally. To better understand the impact and trend of solar and atmospheric disparities and associated climatic factors such as mean solar radiation, atmospheric pressure, precipitation, wind speed & wind direction and temperature, on extreme climatic conditions in Western India, selected the confluence area of Hedley and tropical wind. They divert at 30°N -25°N latitude as a variation of ITCZ, would be beneficial to understand the actual reason behind the increasing the extreme climatic condition. The city Kota is situated at 25°N latitude under the state of Rajasthan, India, selected for the study. After the detailed data interpretation, it observed that the average solar radiation has decreased by 1.15%, 0.28%, and 2.33% for the yearly, Ist half, and IInd half-year, the atmospheric pressure has increased by 0.066%, 0.035%, and 0.097% in the yearly, Ist half and IInd half-year respectively, the precipitation has decreased by 26.16 % the yearly, 10.61% and 28.66% in the the yearly, Ist half and IInd half-year respectively from the year 1988-1997 to the year 2008-2019. The maximum and minimum temperature was increased by 3.29% and 4.62% from the year 1988-1997 to the year 2008-2019. The Ist half and IInd half-year average maximum and minimum temperature were increased by 3.91% & 4.09%, and 4.04% & 5.14% respectively. Based on data out comes, predicted the future climatic condition for the years 2051-2060 and possible extreme climatic conditions over Western India that could be helpful in mitigation and land use plan for the extreme climatic conditions. Keywords: Extreme weather condition, Solar Radiation, Atmospheric Pressure, Wind events, Temperature, Precipitation. I. I ntroduction arth receives energy from the sun and varies according to sun energy, which has been the main driver of climate change over the billion the years of geologic time. Climate change is a natural phenomenon, which happened several times in Earth’s history. Major evidence of previous Climate Change has been deducted by glacier studies and geological deposition. A study of previous climate change data suggested that natural causes such as terrestrial factors, atmospheric and tectonic factors were responsible for it. The last three decades, India has been facing unusual extreme weather condition that affects the social-ecological balance. The summers are getting hotter; winters colder, drought, stronger storms, heat waves, floods, cloud burst, cyclones, and anomalous seasonal weather frequency and intensity have been historical expectations. Indian climate is affected by winds coming from the Indian Ocean as well as cold, dry northern winds along with atmospheric Hedley and Farrell cell wind and variation in these atmospheric winds affecting the Indian weather. The change in solar radiation may impact these wind patterns, and extreme climatic events happen in the affected area. The extreme weather condition involves high precipitation, extreme summer, heat wave, cold wave, cyclone, etc. Precipitation frequency may be high means most of the annual rainfall happens a very short duration and causes flood, flash floods, landslides, ground subsidence, and another disaster. To better understand the role of solar and atmospheric disparities and associated climatic factors such as mean temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and wind direction on extreme climatic conditions in Western India, selected the confluence area of Hedley and tropical wind. They divert at 30°N -25°N latitude as variation of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ), would be beneficial to understand the actual reason behind the increasing the extreme climatic condition. The Kota city is situated at 25°N latitude, suitable for study. Based on data interpretation for solar and atmospheric disparities, predicted the future climatic condition and possible extreme climatic conditions over Western India that could be helpful in mitigation and land use plan for the extreme climatic conditions. a) Previous studies The Serbian geophysicist and astronomer Milutin Milanković ( the year 1920) had developed the relationship between the terrestrial factor and climate change based on the study of Vostok Ice Core that relationship called Milankovitch cycles, that describe the E 1 Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Volume XXI Issue VI Year 2021 9 ( H ) © 2021 Global Journals Version I Author: Geosystems Infrastrcture, Mumbai, India. e-mail: vinay78pandey@gmail.com collective effects of changes in the Earth's movements on its climate over thousands of the years.