Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, H: Environment & Earth Science, Volume 22 Issue 1

IV C onclusions and R ecommendations Achieving total sanitation (100.0% open defecation free) status in the Mion District will be a mirage since the aged cannot construct household toilets and household toilets that were constructed since 2017 are collapsing and needs replacement. The cost of constructing new toilets is rising and not all can afford to own household toilet. Some households who are willing to own toilets complained of poverty and lack of technical support. Soap for washing their hands after defecation is almost absent because they do not see the importance of washing hands with soap. A larger household size that depends on only one toilet is likely to practice open defecation because there are no public toilets. The aged, children and the sick are most likely to practice open defecation if there are no household toilets and they cannot visit their neighbors’ homes because they are weak and cannot walk. Religion and the belief systems are keyto open defecation because the mallams and the pastors take part in advocacies and education on sanitation and open defecation. The district depends on surface and ground water sources which are not treated and often dry up during the dry season. However, the source of water for the washing of hands and maintaining good sanitation was important in sanitation and hygiene management. The study recommends that, materials needed for toilet construction be subsidized even though this will defeat the purpose of CLTS. Above all, the sick, the aged and the poor must be supported by community members, the government and benevolent organizations to enable them own household toilets. Continuous education and sensitization on sustaining open defecation free (ODF) status. Collaboration between governmental, nongovernmental agencies and traditional leaders is important to achieve total sanitation in the Mion District. 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